Abstract Bioactive glasses (BGs) have a great potential for bone replacement and regeneration in bone tissue engineering applications. In this research, first, sol–gel derived magnesium substituted 58 S BGs (MBGs) series composed of 60SiO2–4P2O5-(36-x) CaO- xMgO, (x = 0; 1; 3; 5; 8 and 10 mol.%) were synthesized and stabilized at 700 °C to eliminate the nitrates and prevent the crystallization of MBGs. MgO was substituted for CaO in the BG formula up to 10 mol% and the effect of Mg concentration on in vitro bioactivity and cellular properties of the MBGs were investigated by immersing them in simulated body fluid (SBF) followed by structural characterization using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. The effects Mg on proliferation and differentiation of osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells were also evaluated by 3-(4,5dimethylthiazol-2-yl)− 2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and alkaline phosphate (ALP) activity. Results revealed that magnesium-substituted 58 S BG with 5 mol% MgO (BG-5) had the highest formation rate of hydroxyapatite (HA) while substitution of 8 mol% and10 mol% MgO (BG-8 and BG-10) lowered the bioactivity. MTT and ALP results confirmed that the substitution of the MgO up to 5 mol% increased both proliferation and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells, while more substitution had a negative effect and resulted in a decrease of proliferation and differentiation in BG-8 and BG-10. The result of antibacterial test showed that MBGs exhibited antibacterial effect against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteria. Taken together, results suggest that, among all the synthesized MBGs, sample BG-5 is a promising candidate as multifunctional biomaterial for bone tissue engineering with maximum cell proliferation and ALP activity, good bioactivity and high antibacterial efficiency against MRSA bacteria. Eventually, the BG-5 is suggested to be used in segmental defects in rat model in vivo.

中文翻译：

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镁含量对溶胶-凝胶衍生58S生物活性玻璃体外生物活性、生物学行为和抗菌活性的影响

摘要 生物活性玻璃（BGs）在骨组织工程应用中具有巨大的骨置换和再生潜力。在这项研究中，首先，溶胶-凝胶衍生的镁取代 58 S BGs (MBGs) 系列由 60SiO2-4P2O5-(36-x) CaO-xMgO 组成，(x = 0; 1; 3; 5; 8 和 10 mol. %) 合成并稳定在 700 °C 以消除硝酸盐并防止 MBG 结晶。MgO 取代 BG 配方中的 CaO 高达 10 mol%，通过将 MBGs 浸入模拟体液 (SBF) 然后使用 X 射线进行结构表征来研究 MgO 浓度对 MBGs 的体外生物活性和细胞特性的影响衍射 (XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱 (FTIR) 和扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 技术。Mg 对成骨细胞 MC3T3-E1 细胞增殖和分化的影响还通过 3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2-基)- 2,5-二苯基溴化四唑 (MTT) 和碱性磷酸盐 (ALP) 活性进行评估。结果表明，含 5 mol% MgO（BG-5）的镁取代 58 S BG 具有最高的羟基磷灰石（HA）形成率，而替代 8 mol% 和 10 mol% MgO（BG-8 和 BG-10）降低了羟基磷灰石（HA）的形成率。生物活性。MTT 和 ALP 结果证实，MgO 替代高达 5 mol% 会增加 MC3T3-E1 细胞的增殖和分化，而更多的替代会产生负面影响，导致 BG-8 和 BG-细胞的增殖和分化降低。 10. 抗菌试验结果表明，MBGs对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）细菌具有抗菌作用。总之，结果表明，在所有合成的 MBG 中，样品 BG-5 是具有最大细胞增殖和 ALP 活性、良好的生物活性和对 MRSA 细菌的高抗菌效率的骨组织工程多功能生物材料的有希望的候选者。最后，建议将 BG-5 用于体内大鼠模型的节段性缺陷。