Minimizing harmful effects to the environment in waste-management practices requires continuous innovation. This is especially important in the field of radioactive waste management. Alternatives to the commonly used ordinary Portland cement matrices are being increasingly studied for improved immobilisation purposes. The development of inorganic polymers (IP) from industrial residues has been successfully studied for the immobilisation of caesium (Cs⁺) and strontium (Sr²⁺). However, knowledge of the effect of these introduced elements on the IP-matrix is scarce, especially considering that studied effects are dependent on the IP-precursor characteristics and the form in which the Cs⁺ and Sr²⁺ are introduced. In this study, IPs containing varying amounts of CsNO₃ and Sr(NO₃)₂ were developed to study the effect of the introduced elements on the IP-characteristics. IP-samples were developed from ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) and 6 M NaOH activating solution. Cs⁺ and Sr²⁺ were added to account for 0.5, 1 and 2 wt% of the total IP-mass. Throughout the entire study, Cs⁺-addition showed no significant effects on the studied parameters. Calorimetric results showed that Sr²⁺ severely affects reaction kinetics, consuming hydroxide ions necessary for the alkali activation reaction. Sr²⁺-addition also caused a severe decrease in compressive strength, increased calcium leaching, and decreased sodium and hydroxide leaching. Micro-chemical analyses showed that Cs⁺ is almost fully incorporated in the formed IP-matrix, while Sr²⁺ mainly precipitates as Sr(OH)₂ in concentrated regions throughout the IP-structure. The findings presented in this paper give insights on the effect of contaminant elements on the immobilising matrix.

在废物管理实践中将对环境的有害影响最小化需要不断创新。这在放射性废物管理领域特别重要。越来越多地研究替代常用的普通波特兰水泥基料以提高固定性。已成功研究了从工业残留物中开发无机聚合物（IP）来固定铯（Cs ⁺）和锶（Sr ²⁺）的方法。但是，对于这些引入的元素对IP矩阵的影响的了解很少，尤其是考虑到所研究的效果取决于IP前体的特性以及Cs ⁺和Sr ^2+的形式介绍。在这项研究中，开发了包含不同数量的CsNO ₃和Sr（NO ₃）₂的IP，以研究引入的元素对IP特性的影响。IP样品是从磨碎的高炉矿渣（GGBFS）和6 M NaOH活化溶液中制备的。添加Cs ⁺和Sr ²⁺占总IP质量的0.5、1和2 wt％。在整个研究中，Cs ⁺加成对所研究的参数均无显着影响。量热结果表明，Sr ²⁺严重影响反应动力学，消耗了碱活化反应所需的氢氧根离子。Sr ²⁺-添加还引起抗压强度的严重降低，钙的浸出增加，以及钠和氢氧化物的浸出减少。微观化学分析表明，Cs ⁺几乎完全掺入所形成的IP基质中，而Sr ²⁺主要以Sr（OH）_2的形式沉淀在整个IP结构的浓缩区域中。本文提出的发现提供了关于污染物元素对固定基质影响的见解。