In electrochemistry, the electrode/electrolyte interface (EEI) governs the charge/mass-transfer processes and controls the nucleation/growth phenomena. The EEI in ionic liquids (ILs) can be controlled by changing the cation/anion of the IL, salt concentration, electrode potential, and temperature. Here, we show that adding a dopant salt leads to the deposition of nanowires. To illustrate, zinc nanowires were electrodeposited from ZnCl₂/1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium trifluoromethylsulfonate in the presence of GaCl₃ as a dopant salt. The choice of Zn salt and its ratio to GaCl₃ were found to be crucial for Zn nanowires formation. AFM studies revealed that the solvation structure of Au(111)/IL changes significantly in the presence of GaCl₃ and ZnCl₂. Chronoamperometry showed changes in the nucleation/growth process, consequently leading to the formation of nanowires. A similar approach was adopted to synthesize Sn nanowires. Thus, modification of the EEI by adding a dopant to ILs can be a viable method to obtain nanowires.

中文翻译：

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电解质/电极界面的修饰，用于从离子液体无模板电化学合成金属纳米线

在电化学中，电极/电解质界面（EEI）控制电荷/质量转移过程并控制成核/生长现象。可以通过更改离子液体（IL）的阳离子/阴离子，盐浓度，电极电势和温度来控制离子液体（IL）中的EEI。在这里，我们表明添加掺杂剂盐会导致纳米线的沉积。为了说明，在作为掺杂剂盐的GaCl ₃存在下，从ZnCl ₂ / 1-丁基-1-甲基吡咯烷鎓三氟甲基磺酸盐电沉积锌纳米线。发现锌盐的选择及其与GaCl _3的比例对于形成锌纳米线至关重要。原子力显微镜研究表明，在存在GaCl ₃的情况下，Au（111）/ IL的溶剂化结构发生了显着变化。和ZnCl ₂。计时电流法显示出成核/生长过程的变化，因此导致纳米线的形成。采用了类似的方法来合成Sn纳米线。因此，通过向ILs中添加掺杂剂来修饰EEI可以是获得纳米线的可行方法。