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The worldwide marine radiocarbon reservoir effect: Definitions, mechanisms and prospects
Reviews of Geophysics ( IF 25.2 ) Pub Date : 2018-03-01 , DOI: 10.1002/2017rg000588
Eduardo Q. Alves 1 , Kita Macario 2 , Philippa Ascough 3 , Christopher Bronk Ramsey 1
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When a carbon reservoir has a lower radiocarbon content than the atmosphere, this is referred to as a reservoir effect. This is expressed as an offset between the radiocarbon ages of samples from the two reservoirs at a single point in time. The marine reservoir effect (MRE) has been a major concern in the radiocarbon community, as it introduces an additional source of error that is often difficult to accurately quantify. For this reason, researchers are often reluctant to date marine material where they have another option. The influence of this phenomenon makes the study of the MRE important for a broad range of applications. The advent of Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) has reduced sample size requirements and increased measurement precision, in turn increasing the number of studies seeking to measure marine samples. These studies rely on overcoming the influence of the MRE on marine radiocarbon dates through the worldwide quantification of the local parameter ΔR, that is, the local variation from the global average MRE. Furthermore, the strong dependence on ocean dynamics makes the MRE a useful indicator for changes in oceanic circulation, carbon exchange between reservoirs, and the fate of atmospheric CO2, all of which impact Earth's climate. This article explores data from the Marine Reservoir Database and reviews the place of natural radiocarbon in oceanic records, focusing on key questions (e.g., changes in ocean dynamics) that have been answered by MRE studies and on their application to different subjects.

中文翻译:

全球海洋放射性碳库效应:定义、机制和前景

当碳储层的放射性碳含量低于大气时,这被称为储层效应。这表示为两个水库样本在单个时间点的放射性碳年龄之间的偏移。海洋储层效应 (MRE) 一直是放射性碳界的一个主要问题,因为它引入了通常难以准确量化的额外误差源。出于这个原因,研究人员通常不愿意在他们有另一种选择的情况下确定海洋材料的年代。这种现象的影响使得 MRE 的研究对于广泛的应用很重要。加速器质谱 (AMS) 的出现降低了样本量要求并提高了测量精度,从而增加了寻求测量海洋样本的研究数量。这些研究依赖于通过局部参数 ΔR 的全球量化来克服 MRE 对海洋放射性碳日期的影响,即与全球平均 MRE 的局部变化。此外,对海洋动力学的强烈依赖使 MRE 成为衡量海洋环流变化、水库间碳交换和大气 CO2 命运变化的有用指标,所有这些变化都会影响地球气候。本文探讨了来自海洋水库数据库的数据并回顾了天然放射性碳在海洋记录中的位置,重点关注 MRE 研究已经回答的关键问题(例如,海洋动力学的变化)及其在不同学科中的应用。来自全球平均 MRE 的局部变化。此外,对海洋动力学的强烈依赖使 MRE 成为衡量海洋环流变化、水库间碳交换和大气 CO2 命运变化的有用指标,所有这些变化都会影响地球气候。本文探讨了来自海洋水库数据库的数据并回顾了天然放射性碳在海洋记录中的位置,重点关注 MRE 研究已经回答的关键问题(例如,海洋动力学的变化)及其在不同学科中的应用。来自全球平均 MRE 的局部变化。此外,对海洋动力学的强烈依赖使 MRE 成为衡量海洋环流变化、水库间碳交换和大气 CO2 命运变化的有用指标,所有这些变化都会影响地球气候。本文探讨了来自海洋水库数据库的数据并回顾了天然放射性碳在海洋记录中的位置,重点关注 MRE 研究已经回答的关键问题(例如,海洋动力学的变化)及其在不同学科中的应用。
更新日期:2018-03-01
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