Abstract As water shortage has increasingly become a serious global problem, desalination using seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) is considered as a sustainable source of potable water sources. However, a major issue on the SWRO desalination plant is the generation of brine that has potential adverse impact due to its high salt concentration. Accordingly, it is necessary to develop technologies that allow environmentally friendly and economically viable management of SWRO brines. This paper gives an overview of recent research works and technologies to treat SWRO brines for its beneficial use. The treatment processes have been classified into two different groups according to their final purpose: 1) technologies for producing fresh water and 2) technologies for recovering energy. Topics in this paper includes membrane distillation (MD), forward osmosis (FO), pressure-retarded osmosis (PRO), reverse electrodialysis (RED) as emerging tools for beneficial use of SWRO brine. In addition, a new approach to simultaneously recover water and energy from SWRO brine is introduced as a case study to provide insight into improving the sustainability of seawater desalination.

中文翻译：

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有益利用反渗透盐水的混合脱盐工艺：现状和未来前景

摘要 随着水资源短缺日益成为一个严重的全球性问题，海水反渗透（SWRO）淡化被认为是一种可持续的饮用水源。然而，SWRO 海水淡化厂的一个主要问题是盐水的产生，由于其高盐浓度而具有潜在的不利影响。因此，有必要开发能够对 SWRO 盐水进行环境友好且经济可行的管理的技术。本文概述了处理 SWRO 盐水以使其有益使用的最新研究工作和技术。处理过程根据其最终目的分为两类：1) 生产淡水的技术和 2) 回收能源的技术。本文的主题包括膜蒸馏 (MD)、正渗透 (FO)、压力延迟渗透 (PRO)、反电渗析 (RED) 作为有益利用 SWRO 盐水的新兴工具。此外，还介绍了一种从 SWRO 盐水中同时回收水和能量的新方法作为案例研究，以深入了解提高海水淡化的可持续性。