Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is an advanced endoscopic procedure classically performed for the treatment of achalasia. The procedure is based on principles of submucosal endoscopy and is composed of a mucosal incision, submucosal tunneling, myotomy, and mucosal closure. Multiple published studies that collectively include more than 6000 patients reported clinical success in more than 80% to 90% of patients. Recent literature also suggested durability of response over a medium-term follow-up. POEM is associated with a low rate of adverse events when performed by experienced operators. Gastroesophageal reflux is not infrequent after POEM but does not seem significantly different from reflux that occurs after Heller myotomy. POEM also seems to be effective in the treatment of spastic esophageal disorders (eg, jackhammer and diffuse esophageal spasm). Last, the role of gastric POEM (G-POEM) in the treatment of gastroparesis has been investigated in recent studies with promising results.

经口内镜下肌切开术（POEM）是一种先进的内镜手术，通常用于治疗门失弛缓症。该程序基于粘膜下内窥镜检查的原理，由粘膜切口，粘膜下隧道，肌切开术和粘膜闭合组成。多个已公开发表的研究（总计包括6000多名患者）报告说，有80％至90％以上的患者获得了临床成功。最近的文献还提出了在中期随访中反应的持久性。当由经验丰富的操作员执行POEM时，不良事件发生率较低。POEM后胃食管反流并不罕见，但似乎与Heller肌切开术后发生的反流没有显着差异。POEM似乎也可有效治疗痉挛性食道疾病（例如，手提刀和食管弥漫性痉挛）。最后，最近的研究已经研究了胃POEM（G-POEM）在胃轻瘫中的作用，并取得了可喜的结果。