Background

Nutritional strategies targeting improved exercise performance and training adaptations are considered to be ergogenic. Currently, the majority of attention is given to the macronutrients carbohydrate and protein, while micronutrients are considered on a lesser scale. Though literature exists, little attention is given to fruit and respective fruit extracts.

Scope and approach

Whole fruits naturally contain macro- and micronutrients, fiber, minerals, vitamins, a number of bioactive phytochemicals, including phenolic compounds such as anthocyanins and ellagitannins and intuitively should be considered a regular part of an athletes diet. The primary aim of this review is to review the extant literature and provide a narrative overview of studies involving fruit, respective fruit extracts, and their effects on exercise performance and recovery. Included in this review are blackcurrant, grapes, pomegranate, cherry, banana, watermelon and blueberry.

Key findings and conclusions

There appears to be a consistent pattern in the literature for fruit extracts to improve antioxidant capacity. Data supporting performance improvements are less compelling. While the health affects of whole fruits is intuitive, there remains a paucity of research examining the role of whole fruits as part of an athletes diet.

中文翻译：

---

运动水果

背景

以改善运动表现和适应训练为目标的营养策略被认为具有人机能。当前，大多数营养素都集中在常量营养素碳水化合物和蛋白质上，而微量营养素的使用范围较小。尽管有文献记载，但很少注意水果和相应的水果提取物。

范围和方法

整个水果自然含有大量和微量营养素，纤维，矿物质，维生素，多种生物活性植物化学物质，包括花青素和鞣花单宁素等酚类化合物，直觉上应被视为运动员饮食的常规组成部分。这篇综述的主要目的是回顾现有文献，并对涉及水果，各自的水果提取物及其对运动表现和恢复的影响的研究进行叙述性概述。该评价中包括黑加仑子，葡萄，石榴，樱桃，香蕉，西瓜和蓝莓。

主要发现和结论

水果提取物中似乎存在一致的模式，以提高抗氧化能力。支持性能改善的数据吸引力不那么强。虽然整个水果对健康的影响是直观的，但仍缺乏研究来研究整个水果作为运动员饮食的一部分的作用。