Sacral neuromodulation (SNM) is increasingly used to treat lower urinary tract symptoms and bowel symptoms refractory to conventional therapy.¹ The US Food and Drug Administration approved the device in 1997, and the device was modified in 2006, which included a 50% reduction in size and an improvement in leads to decrease lead migration. These changes at least partially explain the more than 3.5-fold increase in the number of SNM procedures in the following 5 years.² While guidelines based on small clinical studies with highly selected patients report 50% or greater symptom improvement in most patients,^1,3,4 an early safety report using real world data found that a large number of reinterventions occurred in the Medicare population.²

骶神经调节（SNM）越来越多地用于治疗传统疗法难治的下尿路症状和肠道症状。¹美国食品和药物管理局于 1997 年批准了该设备，并于 2006 年对该设备进行了修改，其中包括尺寸减小 50% 以及对引线进行改进以减少铅迁移。这些变化至少部分解释了接下来 5 年内 SNM 手术数量增加了 3.5 倍以上。²虽然基于针对精选患者的小型临床研究的指南报告大多数患者的症状改善了 50% 或更高，^{1 ,3 ,4}一份使用真实世界数据的早期安全报告发现，医疗保险人群中发生了大量的再干预。²