Semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) present in indoor environments are known to cause adverse health effects through multiple routes of exposure. To assess the aggregate exposure, the bioaccessibility and bioavailability of SVOCs need to be determined.

In this review, we discussed measurements of the bioaccessibility and bioavailability of SVOCs after inhalation. Published literature related to this issue is available for 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and a few polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, such as benzo[a]pyrene and phenanthrene. Then, we reviewed common modeling approaches for the characterization of the gas- and particle-phase partitioning of SVOCs during inhalation. The models are based on mass transfer mechanisms as well as the structure of the respiratory system, using common computational techniques, such as computational fluid dynamics. However, the existing models are restricted to special conditions and cannot predict SVOC bioaccessibility and bioavailability in the whole respiratory system.

The present review notes two main challenges for the estimation of SVOC bioaccessibility and bioavailability via inhalation in humans. First, in vitro and in vivo methods need to be developed and validated for a wide range of SVOCs. The in vitro methods should be validated with in vivo tests to evaluate human exposures to SVOCs in airborne particles. Second, modeling approaches for SVOCs need to consider the whole respiratory system. Alterations of the respiratory cycle period and human biological variability may be considered in future studies.

已知存在于室内环境中的半挥发性有机化合物（SVOC）可通过多种暴露途径对健康产生不利影响。为了评估总暴露量，需要确定SVOC的生物利用度和生物利用度。

在这篇综述中，我们讨论了吸入后SVOCs的生物可及性和生物利用度的测量。与该问题有关的已公开文献可用于2,3,7,8-四氯二苯并-对-二恶英和一些多环芳烃，例如苯并[ a ] py和菲。然后，我们回顾了在吸入过程中表征SVOC的气相和颗粒相分配特征的常用建模方法。这些模型基于传质机制以及呼吸系统的结构，并使用常见的计算技术，例如计算流体动力学。但是，现有模型仅限于特殊条件，无法预测整个呼吸系统中SVOC的生物可利用性和生物利用度。

本综述指出了通过人体吸入来评估SVOC生物可及性和生物利用度的两个主要挑战。首先，需要开发和验证各种SVOC的体外和体内方法。所述体外方法应该与被验证的体内测试，以评估人类暴露在空气中的颗粒半挥发性有机化合物。其次，SVOC的建模方法需要考虑整个呼吸系统。将来的研究中可能考虑呼吸周期和人类生物学变异性的改变。