The urinary bladder is a complex organ with the primary functions of storing urine under low and stable pressure and micturition. Many clinical conditions can cause poor bladder compliance, reduced capacity, and incontinence, requiring bladder augmentation or use of regenerative techniques and scaffolds. To replicate an organ that is under frequent mechanical loading and unloading, special attention towards fulfilling its biomechanical requirements is necessary. Several biological and synthetic scaffolds are available, with various characteristics that qualify them for use in bladder regeneration in vitro and in vivo, including in the treatment of clinical conditions. The biomechanical properties of the native bladder can be investigated using a range of mechanical tests for standardized assessments, as well as mathematical and computational bladder biomechanics. Despite a large body of research into tissue engineering of the bladder wall, some features of the native bladder and the scaffolds used to mimic it need further elucidation. Collection of comparable reference data from different animal models would be a helpful tool for researchers and will enable comparison of different scaffolds in order to optimize characteristics before entering preclinical and clinical trials.

膀胱是一个复杂的器官，其主要功能是在低压，稳定的压力和排尿下储存尿液。许多临床状况可能导致膀胱顺应性差，容量减少和大小便失禁，需要进行膀胱扩大或使用再生技术和支架。要复制经常在机械上加载和卸载的器官，必须特别注意满足其生物力学要求。可获得几种生物和合成支架，其各种特性使它们有资格用于体外和体内膀胱再生，包括治疗临床疾病。可以使用一系列机械测试来对天然膀胱的生物力学特性进行标准化评估，以及数学和计算膀胱生物力学。尽管对膀胱壁的组织工程进行了大量的研究，但天然膀胱和用于模仿膀胱的支架的某些功能仍需要进一步阐明。从不同动物模型中收集可比的参考数据将为研究人员提供有用的工具，并将使不同支架的比较成为可能，以便在进入临床前和临床试验之前优化特征。