Real‐time Monitoring of Exocytotic Glutamate Release from Single Neuron by Amperometry at an Enzymatic Biosensor,Electroanalysis

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Real‐time Monitoring of Exocytotic Glutamate Release from Single Neuron by Amperometry at an Enzymatic Biosensor
Electroanalysis ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2018-02-12 , DOI: 10.1002/elan.201700656
Quan-Fa Qiu ₁ , Fu-Li Zhang ₁ , Yun Tang ₁ , Xin-Wei Zhang ₁ , Hong Jiang ₁ , Yan-Ling Liu ₁ , Wei-Hua Huang ₁

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Glutamate (Glu) is recognized as a vital neurotransmitter released via vesicular exocytosis and plays important roles in many physiological processes. Microelectrode amperometry has become a powerful method to study the secreted electroactive biochemicals via exocytosis, however, there was no means for direct monitoring of exocytosis of the non‐electroactive Glu so far. Herein, we developed an enzymatic micro‐biosensor by co‐modification of glutamate oxidase (GluOx) and Pt nanoparticles (Pt NPs) on the surface of a carbon fiber microelectrode. The Glu was enzymatically transformed by GluOx to an electroactive product, H₂O₂, which was then electrochemically detected by the Pt NPs. The prominent catalytic activity of enzyme and micrometer scale of microelectrode endow the sensor with high sensitivity and spatio‐temporal resolution, allowing real‐time monitoring Glu exocytosis from single hippocampal varicosities. The results demonstrate the capability of this biosensor in monitoring and quantification of the quantal release of neurotransmitter Glu, indicating its great potential in exploring the cellular mechanism of neuron communication and synaptic plasticity.

中文翻译：

在酶生物传感器上通过安培法实时监测单神经元胞外谷氨酸的释放

谷氨酸（Glu）被认为是通过囊泡胞吐作用释放的重要神经递质，并在许多生理过程中发挥重要作用。微电极安培法已成为通过胞吐作用研究分泌的电活性生化试剂的有效方法，但是，到目前为止，尚无直接监测非电活性Glu胞吐作用的方法。在此，我们通过对碳纤维微电极表面的谷氨酸氧化酶（GluOx）和Pt纳米颗粒（Pt NPs）进行共修饰，开发了一种酶促微生物传感器。Glu被GluOx酶促转化为电活性产物H ₂ O ₂，然后由Pt NPs电化学检测。酶的杰出催化活性和微电极的微米级特性使该传感器具有很高的灵敏度和时空分辨率，从而可以从单个海马静脉曲张中实时监测Glu的胞吐作用。结果证明了这种生物传感器在监测和定量神经递质Glu定量释放中的能力，表明其在探索神经元通讯和突触可塑性的细胞机制方面具有巨大潜力。

更新日期：2018-02-12

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