Understanding cannabis and synthetic cannabinoid intake history is vital for treating drug dependence, investigating cannabinoid effects, and providing information to healthcare personnel, medical examiners, and public health officials; this is particularly relevant today with cannabis medicalization and legalization. Required information includes identifying exposure, time of use, frequency of use, relapse, withdrawal, and predicting cannabinoid effects. Recent controlled cannabinoid administration studies enable the development of models and markers to better identify patterns of intake and exposure. Future challenges include developing behavioral markers of cannabis impairment, bringing to market breathalyzers for cannabinoid detection, and identifying markers of recent cannabis intake in diverse biological matrices. We posit that biological monitoring of cannabinoids and metabolites will improve the characterization of cannabis and synthetic cannabinoid intake history.

了解大麻和合成大麻素的摄入史对于治疗药物依赖，研究大麻素的作用以及向医护人员，医学检查人员和公共卫生官员提供信息至关重要；今天，这在大麻的医疗化和合法化方面尤为重要。所需信息包括识别暴露，使用时间，使用频率，复发，戒断以及预测大麻素的影响。最近进行的受控大麻素给药研究使模型和标记物的开发可以更好地识别摄入和暴露的模式。未来的挑战包括开发大麻损害的行为标记，将大麻检测仪投放市场并在各种生物基质中鉴定近期大麻摄入的标记。