3D assembly of graphene sheets (GSs) is important for preserving the merits of the single‐atomic‐layered structure. Simultaneously, vertical growth of GSs has long been a challenge for thermal chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Here, vertical growth of the GSs is achieved in a thermal CVD reactor and a novel 3D graphene structure, 3D graphene fibers (3DGFs), is developed. The 3DGFs are prepared by carbonizing electrospun polyacrylonitrile fibers in NH₃ and subsequently in situ growing the radially oriented GSs using thermal CVD. The GSs on the 3DGFs are densely arranged and interconnected with the edges fully exposed on the surface, resulting in high performances in multiple aspects such as electrical conductivity (3.4 × 10⁴–1.2 × 10⁵ S m⁻¹), electromagnetic shielding (60 932 dB cm² g⁻¹), and superhydrophobicity and superoleophilicity, which are far superior to the existing 3D graphene materials. With the extraordinary properties along with the easy scalability of the simple thermal CVD, the novel 3DGFs are highly promising for many applications such as high‐strength and conducting composites, flexible conductors, electromagnetic shielding, energy storage, catalysis, and separation and purification. Furthermore, this strategy can be widely used to grow the vertical GSs on many other substrates by thermal CVD.

中文翻译：

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通过热化学气相沉积法生长的3D石墨烯纤维

石墨烯片（GSs）的3D组装对于保留单原子层结构的优点非常重要。同时，GS的垂直生长长期以来一直是热化学气相沉积（CVD）的挑战。在此，在热CVD反应器中实现了GSs的垂直生长，并开发了一种新颖的3D石墨烯结构3D石墨烯纤维（3DGFs）。通过将电纺聚丙烯腈纤维在NH _3中碳化，然后使用热CVD原位生长径向取向的GS，来制备3DGF 。3DGF上的GS紧密排列并与表面完全暴露的边缘互连，从而在多个方面实现了高性能，例如电导率（3.4×10 ⁴ –1.2×10 ⁵ S m ^-1），电磁屏蔽（60 932 dB cm ² g ^-1），超疏水性和超亲油性，远远优于现有的3D石墨烯材料。新颖的3DGF具有非凡的性能以及简单的热CVD易于扩展的特性，在许多应用中具有很高的前景，例如高强度和导电性复合材料，柔性导体，电磁屏蔽，能量存储，催化以及分离和纯化。此外，该策略可广泛用于通过热CVD在许多其他基板上生长垂直GS。