Abstract

The combination of graphene with conductive nanoparticles, forming graphene–nanoparticle hybrid materials, offers a number of excellent properties for advanced engineering applications. A novel and simple method was developed to deposit 10 wt% tin-doped indium tin oxide (ITO) nanoparticles on graphene. The method involved a combination of a solution-based environmentally friendly electroless deposition approach and subsequent vacuum annealing. A stable organic-free solution of ITO was prepared from economical salts of In(NO₃) ₃ ^· H₂O and SnCl₄. The obtained ITO nanostructure exhibited a unique architecture, with uniformly dispersed 25–35 nm size ITO nanoparticles, containing only the crystallized In₂O₃ phase. The synthesized ITO nanoparticles–graphene hybrid exhibited very good and reproducible optical transparency in the visible range (more than 85%) and a 28.2% improvement in electrical conductivity relative to graphene synthesized by chemical vapor deposition. It was observed that the ITO nanoparticles affect the position of the Raman signal of graphene, in which the D, G, and 2D peaks were redshifted by 5.65, 5.69, and 9.74 cm⁻¹, respectively, and the annealing conditions had no significant effect on the Raman signatures of graphene.

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中文翻译：

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石墨烯/ ITO纳米粒子杂化透明导电电极的合成与表征

摘要

石墨烯与导电纳米颗粒的结合形成了石墨烯-纳米颗粒杂化材料，为先进的工程应用提供了许多优异的性能。开发了一种新颖而简单的方法来在石墨烯上沉积10 wt％的掺锡铟锡氧化物（ITO）纳米粒子。该方法涉及基于溶液的环保化学沉积方法和随后的真空退火的组合。由In（NO ₃）₃ ^· H ₂ O和SnCl _4的经济盐制得了稳定的ITO无有机溶液。所获得的ITO纳米结构表现出独特的结构，具有均匀分散的25-35 nm尺寸的ITO纳米颗粒，仅包含结晶的In ₂ O ₃相。相对于通过化学气相沉积法合成的石墨烯，合成的ITO纳米粒子-石墨烯杂化物在可见光范围（大于85％）内具有很好的可再现的光学透明性，导电率提高了28.2％。观察到ITO纳米颗粒影响石墨烯的拉曼信号的位置，其中D，G和2D峰分别红移了5.65、5.69和9.74cm ^-1，并且退火条件没有显着影响。在石墨烯的拉曼签名上。

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