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The Methylerythritol Phosphate Pathway: Promising Drug Targets in the Fight against Tuberculosis.
ACS Infectious Diseases ( IF 4.0 ) Pub Date : 2018-02-08 , DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.7b00176
Xu Wang 1 , Cynthia S Dowd 1
Affiliation  

Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), is a severe infectious disease in need of new chemotherapies especially for drug-resistant cases. To meet the urgent requirement of new TB drugs with novel modes of action, the TB research community has been validating numerous targets from several biosynthetic pathways. The methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathway is utilized by Mtb for the biosynthesis of isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP) and its isomer dimethylallyl pyrophosphate (DMAPP), the universal five-carbon building blocks of isoprenoids. While being a common biosynthetic pathway in pathogens, the MEP pathway is completely absent in humans. Due to its unique presence in pathogens as well as the essentiality of the MEP pathway in Mtb, the enzymes in this pathway are promising targets for the development of new drugs against tuberculosis. In this Review, we discuss three enzymes in the MEP pathway: 1-deoxy-d-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase (DXS), 1-deoxy-d-xylulose-5-phosphate reductoisomerase (IspC/DXR), and 2 C-methyl-d-erythritol 2,4-cyclodiphosphate synthase (IspF), which appear to be the most promising antitubercular drug targets. Structural and mechanistic features of these enzymes are reviewed, as well as selected inhibitors that show promise as antitubercular agents.

中文翻译:

甲基赤藓糖醇磷酸途径:在抗击结核病中有希望的药物靶标。

由结核分枝杆菌(Mtb)引起的结核病(TB)是一种严重的传染病,需要进行新的化学疗法,尤其是对于耐药性病例。为了满足具有新颖作用方式的新型结核病药物的紧急需求,结核病研究界已经从几种生物合成途径中验证了许多靶标。Mtb利用甲基赤藓糖醇磷酸酯(MEP)途径生物合成异戊烯基焦磷酸酯(IPP)及其异构体二甲基烯丙基焦磷酸酯(DMAPP),这是类异戊二烯的通用五碳构件。虽然MEP途径是病原体中常见的生物合成途径,但在人类中却完全不存在。由于其在病原体中的独特存在以及Mtb中MEP途径的必要性,该途径中的酶是开发抗结核新药的有希望的靶标。在这篇综述中,我们讨论了MEP途径中的三种酶:1-脱氧-d-木酮糖-5-磷酸合酶(DXS),1-脱氧-d-木酮糖-5-磷酸还原异构酶(IspC / DXR)和2 C -甲基-d-赤藓糖醇2,4-环二磷酸合酶(IspF),似乎是最有希望的抗结核药物靶标。审查了这些酶的结构和机理特征,以及显示出有望作为抗结核药物的抑制剂。
更新日期:2018-02-01
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