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Chromosome Translocation Inflates Bacillus Forespores and Impacts Cellular Morphology.
Cell ( IF 45.5 ) Pub Date : 2018-Feb-08 , DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.01.027
Javier Lopez-Garrido 1 , Nikola Ojkic 2 , Kanika Khanna 1 , Felix R Wagner 1 , Elizabeth Villa 1 , Robert G Endres 2 , Kit Pogliano 1
Affiliation  

The means by which the physicochemical properties of different cellular components together determine bacterial cell shape remain poorly understood. Here, we investigate a programmed cell-shape change during Bacillus subtilis sporulation, when a rod-shaped vegetative cell is transformed to an ovoid spore. Asymmetric cell division generates a bigger mother cell and a smaller, hemispherical forespore. The septum traps the forespore chromosome, which is translocated to the forespore by SpoIIIE. Simultaneously, forespore size increases as it is reshaped into an ovoid. Using genetics, timelapse microscopy, cryo-electron tomography, and mathematical modeling, we demonstrate that forespore growth relies on membrane synthesis and SpoIIIE-mediated chromosome translocation, but not on peptidoglycan or protein synthesis. Our data suggest that the hydrated nucleoid swells and inflates the forespore, displacing ribosomes to the cell periphery, stretching septal peptidoglycan, and reshaping the forespore. Our results illustrate how simple biophysical interactions between core cellular components contribute to cellular morphology.

中文翻译:

染色体易位使前芽孢杆菌膨胀并影响细胞形态。

不同细胞成分的物理化学性质共同决定细菌细胞形状的方法仍然知之甚少。在这里,我们研究了枯草芽孢杆菌孢子形成过程中程序化的细胞形状变化,当棒状营养细胞转化为卵形孢子时。不对称的细胞分裂产生一个更大的母细胞和一个更小的半球形前孢子。隔膜捕获前孢子染色体,它被 SpoIIIE 转移到前孢子。同时,前孢子的大小随着它重新塑造成卵形而增加。使用遗传学、延时显微镜、冷冻电子断层扫描和数学模型,我们证明前孢子生长依赖于膜合成和 SpoIIIE 介导的染色体易位,而不是肽聚糖或蛋白质合成。我们的数据表明,水合类核膨胀并膨胀前孢子,将核糖体置换到细胞外围,拉伸隔膜肽聚糖,并重塑前孢子。我们的结果说明了核心细胞成分之间的简单生物物理相互作用如何促进细胞形态。
更新日期:2018-02-09
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