We present a three-dimensional (3D) imaging method for long-range spinning targets. This method acquires multi-angle two-dimensional (2D) images of spinning targets by the inverse synthetic aperture lidar (ISAL) imaging technique. The 3D distribution of the scattering coefficients of a target has a mapping relationship with the series of 2D images. This mapping is analyzed, and a 3D Hough transform is used to implement inverse mapping. The parameter space of the Hough transform is the estimation of the 3D distribution of the scattering coefficients. The 3D point spread function obtained by the method has narrow main lobe widths and sufficiently low side lobes to achieve high image quality, which is verified by computer simulations. In the simulations, the main lobe widths in the three dimensions are 0.29 cm, 0.29 cm, and 3.48 cm, respectively. In outdoor experiments, 3D images of targets at 1 km away from the lidar were obtained. The images clearly show the 3D shape of targets.

中文翻译：

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远距离旋转目标的三维逆合成孔径激光雷达成像

我们提出了一种用于远程旋转目标的三维（3D）成像方法。此方法通过逆合成孔径激光雷达（ISAL）成像技术获取旋转目标的多角度二维（2D）图像。目标的散射系数的3D分布与一系​​列2D图像具有映射关系。分析该映射，并使用3D Hough变换来实现逆映射。霍夫变换的参数空间是散射系数的3D分布的估计。通过该方法获得的3D点扩展函数具有较窄的主瓣宽度和足够低的旁瓣以实现高图像质量，这已通过计算机仿真进行了验证。在模拟中，这三个维度上的主瓣宽度分别为0.29 cm，0.29 cm和3.48 cm。在户外实验中，获得了距激光雷达1公里的目标的3D图像。这些图像清楚地显示了目标的3D形状。