Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. The use of nanocarriers (NCs) has generated significant interest to improve cancer therapy by targeted delivery. However, conventional NCs in general lack specificity and have poor biodistribution, resulting in low efficacy in cancer therapy. To circumvent this problem, there has been an increasing focus on cancer cell membrane-coated NCs (CCMCNCs), which can deliver therapeutics directly to tumor cells. CCMCNCs comprise active cancer cell surface adhesive molecules combined with other functional proteins, and offer extended blood circulation with robust cell-specific targeting, ensuring enhanced intratumoral penetration and higher tumor-specific accumulation of NCs. In this review, we discuss the preparation, homologous targeting mechanisms, and application of CCMCNCs in targeted cancer therapy.

癌症是全球主要的死亡原因。纳米载体（NCs）的使用引起了人们极大的兴趣，以通过靶向递送来改善癌症治疗。然而，常规的NC通常缺乏特异性并且生物分布差，导致癌症治疗的功效低下。为了解决这个问题，人们越来越关注可以将治疗剂直接递送至肿瘤细胞的癌细胞膜涂层NC（CCMCNC）。CCMCNCs包含与其他功能蛋白结合的活性癌细胞表面粘附分子，并通过强大的细胞特异性靶向作用提供延长的血液循环，确保增强的肿瘤内渗透和更高的肿瘤特异性NC蓄积。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了CCMCNCs的制备，同源靶向机制以及在靶向癌症治疗中的应用。