We review the major advances in understanding the morphologies and kinematics of supernova remnants (SNRs). Simulations of SN explosions have improved dramatically over the last few years, and SNRs can be used to test models through comparison of predictions with SNRs’ observed large-scale compositional and morphological properties as well as the three-dimensional kinematics of ejecta material. In particular, Cassiopeia A—the youngest known core-collapse SNR in the Milky Way—offers an up-close view of the complexity of these explosive events that cannot be resolved in distant, extragalactic sources. We summarize the progress in tying SNRs to their progenitors’ explosions through imaging and spectroscopic observations, and we discuss exciting future prospects for SNR studies, such as X-ray microcalorimeters.

中文翻译：

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超新星遗迹的形态和运动学

我们回顾了在理解超新星遗迹 (SNR) 的形态和运动学方面的主要进展。SN 爆炸的模拟在过去几年中得到了显着改善，SNR 可用于通过将预测与 SNR 观察到的大尺度成分和形态特性以及喷射材料的三维运动学进行比较来测试模型。特别是仙后座 A——银河系中已知最年轻的核心坍缩 SNR——提供了对这些爆炸事件的复杂性的近距离观察，这些爆炸事件在遥远的河外源无法解决。我们总结了通过成像和光谱观察将 SNR 与其祖先爆炸联系起来的进展，并讨论了 SNR 研究（例如 X 射线微量热计）令人兴奋的未来前景。