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Genotoxicity inhibition by Syzygium cumini (L.) seed fraction and rutin: understanding the underlying mechanism of DNA protection†
Toxicology Research ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2018-02-06 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1039/c7tx00269f Mohammad Shavez Khan 1, 2, 3, 4 , Faizan Abul Qais 1, 2, 3, 4 , Iqbal Ahmad 1, 2, 3, 4 , Afzal Hussain 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 , Mohamed F. Alajmi 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
Toxicology Research ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2018-02-06 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1039/c7tx00269f Mohammad Shavez Khan 1, 2, 3, 4 , Faizan Abul Qais 1, 2, 3, 4 , Iqbal Ahmad 1, 2, 3, 4 , Afzal Hussain 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 , Mohamed F. Alajmi 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
Affiliation
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Considering the ethnopharmacological importance of Syzygium cumini's seed and the lack of information on the antimutagenic and DNA-protecting mechanisms, a fraction-based study was conducted. Four different (hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and aqueous) fractions were obtained from the sequential extraction of the methanolic extract of the seed. The most active antioxidant fraction (ethyl acetate) contained significant amount of phenolics and flavonoids. LC-qTOF-MS analysis of the ethyl acetate fraction revealed the presence of rutin, myricetin, naringin, cuscohygrin, and epoxycarryophyllone as constituent phytocompounds. The ethyl acetate fraction (100 μg ml−1) and a selected compound (rutin, 40 μg ml−1) showed remarkable decrease in the revertants frequency range from 74–77% and 66–84%, respectively, against both the mutagens (sodium azide (NaN3) and methyl methane sulfonate (MMS)) in the Salmonella typhimurium tester strains. All the statistical analyses were at a significance level of 0.05 between the different treatment groups. Moreover, the underlying mechanism of antimutagenicity using different treatment regime for rutin was explored. MMS-mediated DNA fragmentation and oxidation in lymphocytes were also shown to be decreased significantly when treated with the ethyl acetate fraction and rutin. Oxidative damage to pBR322 plasmid DNA was also reduced when incubated with different concentration of the ethyl acetate fraction and rutin. Biophysical (UV, fluorescence, ITC, etc.) and computational methods were employed to obtain a closer look at the DNA–rutin interaction. The data obtained clearly revealed that the ethyl acetate fraction exhibited promising antimutagenic and DNA-protective activity and its flavonoid constituents, including rutin, contribute significantly to the observed activity.
中文翻译：
孜然（Syzygium cumini（L.））种子级分和芦丁对 基因毒性的抑制作用：了解DNA保护的潜在机制†
考虑到Syzygium cumini种子的民族药理学重要性以及缺乏有关抗诱变和DNA保护机制的信息，因此进行了基于馏分的研究。从种子的甲醇提取物的顺序提取中获得了四个不同的（己烷，氯仿，乙酸乙酯和水溶液）馏分。活性最高的抗氧化剂成分（乙酸乙酯）中含有大量的酚类和类黄酮。乙酸乙酯馏分的LC-qTOF-MS分析表明，芦丁，杨梅素，柚皮苷，cuscohygrin和环氧类胡萝卜素是构成植物化合物的成分。乙酸乙酯级分（100μgml -1）和所选化合物（芦丁，40μgml -1）对鼠伤寒沙门氏菌测试菌株中的诱变剂（叠氮化钠（NaN 3）和甲烷磺酸甲酯（MMS）），还原剂频率范围分别显着降低，分别为74-77％和66-84％。在不同治疗组之间，所有统计分析的显着性水平为0.05。此外，探索了使用芦丁不同治疗方案的抗致突变性的潜在机制。当用乙酸乙酯级分和芦丁处理时，MMS介导的DNA片段化和淋巴细胞中的氧化也显着降低。当与不同浓度的乙酸乙酯级分和芦丁孵育时，对pBR322质粒DNA的氧化损伤也减少了。生物物理（紫外线，荧光，ITC，等）和计算方法被用来更仔细地了解DNA-芦丁的相互作用。所获得的数据清楚地表明，乙酸乙酯级分显示出有希望的抗诱变和DNA保护活性，其黄酮类成分（包括芦丁）对观察到的活性有显着贡献。
更新日期：2018-02-06
中文翻译：
孜然（Syzygium cumini（L.））种子级分和芦丁对 基因毒性的抑制作用：了解DNA保护的潜在机制†
考虑到Syzygium cumini种子的民族药理学重要性以及缺乏有关抗诱变和DNA保护机制的信息，因此进行了基于馏分的研究。从种子的甲醇提取物的顺序提取中获得了四个不同的（己烷，氯仿，乙酸乙酯和水溶液）馏分。活性最高的抗氧化剂成分（乙酸乙酯）中含有大量的酚类和类黄酮。乙酸乙酯馏分的LC-qTOF-MS分析表明，芦丁，杨梅素，柚皮苷，cuscohygrin和环氧类胡萝卜素是构成植物化合物的成分。乙酸乙酯级分（100μgml -1）和所选化合物（芦丁，40μgml -1）对鼠伤寒沙门氏菌测试菌株中的诱变剂（叠氮化钠（NaN 3）和甲烷磺酸甲酯（MMS）），还原剂频率范围分别显着降低，分别为74-77％和66-84％。在不同治疗组之间，所有统计分析的显着性水平为0.05。此外，探索了使用芦丁不同治疗方案的抗致突变性的潜在机制。当用乙酸乙酯级分和芦丁处理时，MMS介导的DNA片段化和淋巴细胞中的氧化也显着降低。当与不同浓度的乙酸乙酯级分和芦丁孵育时，对pBR322质粒DNA的氧化损伤也减少了。生物物理（紫外线，荧光，ITC，等）和计算方法被用来更仔细地了解DNA-芦丁的相互作用。所获得的数据清楚地表明，乙酸乙酯级分显示出有希望的抗诱变和DNA保护活性，其黄酮类成分（包括芦丁）对观察到的活性有显着贡献。
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