An overview on the synthesis and applications of telechelic perfluoropolyalkylethers (PFPAEs) is presented. First, a non-exhaustive summary on the synthesis and properties of commercially available PFPAEs is supplied, followed by conventional strategies for the preparation of telechelic PFPAEs ranging from direct fluorination, anionic ring-opening polymerization of oxetane and hexafluoropropylene oxide, to photochemical radical polymerization of tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropene, or perfluoromethyl vinyl ether in the presence of oxygen. Properties (chemical, physical, and thermal) and characterizations (NMR, MALDI, rheology, lubricity, and toxicity) of these PFPAEs will also be presented. Telechelic PFPFA bis(acylfluorides) are interesting precursors for a wide range of molecules and copolymers such as: polycondensates (polyesters, polyurethanes, polycarbonates, polyethers), macromonomers that can further be cross-linked, triblock copolymers, and (semi) interpenetrated polymer networks. Furthermore, important applications of these modified PFPAEs will be exhibited. These applications range from self-assembly materials (e.g. amphiphilic and anti-bacterial derivatives, and hydrogels), aerospace materials, microfluidic devices, protective coatings (e.g. low surface tension, anti-fouling, and de-icing), optically transparent films, self-healing materials, thermoplastic elastomers, materials for energy (e.g. zinc-air and lithium ion batteries, polymeric electrolyte membranes for fuel cells), resistant photoresists for lithographic materials, to theranostics (e.g. intracellular pH measurements and in vivo cell tracking technologies using Magnetic Resonance Imaging). This overview summarizes these emerging fields, emphasizing structural variety, end group functionalities, post-polymerization modifications, and applications previously unobtainable without accessible to these new materials.

本文介绍了远螯螯合全氟聚烷基醚（PFPAE）的合成和应用。首先，提供了关于市售PFPAE的合成和性能的非详尽总结，然后提供了制备远螯PFPAE的常规策略，其范围从直接氟化，氧杂环丁烷和六氟环氧丙烷的阴离子开环聚合，到环氧乙烷的光化学自由基聚合，不一而足。在氧存在下的四氟乙烯，六氟丙烯或全氟甲基乙烯基醚。这些PFPAE的性质（化学，物理和热）和表征（NMR，MALDI，流变学，润滑性和毒性）也将介绍。远螯PFPFA双（酰基氟）是各种分子和共聚物的有趣前体，例如：缩聚物（聚酯，聚氨酯，聚碳酸酯，聚醚），可以进一步交联的大分子单体，三嵌段共聚物和（半）互穿聚合物网络。此外，将展示这些修饰的PFPAE的重要应用。这些应用包括自组装材料（例如两亲和抗菌衍生物以及水凝胶），航空航天材料，微流体装置，保护性涂层（例如低表面张力，防污和除冰），光学透明薄膜，自组装材料。 -修复材料，热塑性弹性体，能源材料（例如锌空气和锂离子电池，燃料电池用聚合物电解质膜），光刻材料用耐光阻剂，诊断学（例如细胞内pH测量和使用磁共振的体内细胞跟踪技术）成像）。