In contrast to typical magnetic energy generators that use electromagnetic induction, which are bulky and have low generation efficiency under small magnetic fields at low frequency, magneto-mechano-electric (MME) generators utilizing the magnetoelectric (ME) coupling effect and magnetic interactions are considered promising candidates. MME generators will serve as a ubiquitous autonomous energy source converting stray magnetic noise to useful electric energy for applications in wireless sensor networks (WSN) for the Internet of Things (IoT) and low-power-consuming electronics. The key component in a MME generator is the ME composite consisting of piezoelectric and magnetostrictive materials, which elastically couples the electric and magnetic behaviour of the respective constituent. Here, we report a MME generator consisting of a crystallographically oriented Pb(Mg_1/3Nb_2/3)O₃–Pb(Zr,Ti)O₃ piezoelectric single crystal macro-fibre composite and a highly textured magnetostrictive Fe–Ga alloy, which exhibits an exceptionally high rectified DC output power density of 3.22 mW cm⁻³. The large energy generation in this structure is ascribed to the coupling between the strong anisotropic properties of the piezoelectric single crystal fibres and textured Fe–Ga magnetostrictive alloy. A smart watch with IoT sensors was driven by the MME generator under a 700 μT magnetic field.

中文翻译：

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适用于独立供电电子产品的功率超过毫瓦的磁机电发电机†

与使用电磁感应的典型的磁能发电机相比，该磁能发电机体积大并且在低频下的小磁场下具有较低的发电效率，而考虑了利用磁电（ME）耦合效应和磁相互作用的磁机电（MME）发电机有前途的候选人。MME发电机将用作无处不在的自主能源，将杂散的磁噪声转换为有用的电能，以用于物联网（IoT）和低功耗电子设备的无线传感器网络（WSN）。MME发生器中的关键组件是由压电和磁致伸缩材料组成的ME复合材料，可弹性地耦合各个组成部分的电和磁性能。这里，_1/3 Nb _2/3）O ₃ -Pb（Zr，Ti）O ₃压电单晶宏观纤维复合材料和高织构磁致伸缩Fe-Ga合金，其整流直流输出功率密度极高，为3.22 mW cm ⁻³。在这种结构中产生的大量能量归因于压电单晶纤维的强各向异性与织构的Fe-Ga磁致伸缩合金之间的耦合。MME发电机在700μT磁场下驱动带有IoT传感器的智能手表。