Abstract Ecologists have primarily focused their attention on how predator loss influences ecosystem structure and function in intact ecosystems, but rarely tested these ecological concepts in agricultural landscapes. We conducted a study in western Bhutan on the inter-specific dynamics between tigers, leopards, and dholes, and their subsequent impact on livestock and crop losses faced by agro-pastoralists. We found that when a tiger was present in forests surrounding villages, leopards and dholes occupied areas closer to village croplands and preyed on a higher relative abundance of wild herbivore crop raiders, thereby significantly reducing crop (β = −2.25, p

中文翻译：

---

老虎（Panthera tigris）在减少喜马拉雅山脉东部作物和牲畜损失方面对农民的生态效益：对保护大型顶级掠食者的意义

摘要 生态学家主要关注捕食者损失如何影响完整生态系统中的生态系统结构和功能，但很少在农业景观中测试这些生态概念。我们在不丹西部进行了一项关于老虎、豹子和美洲豹之间的种间动态及其对农牧民面临的牲畜和作物损失的影响的研究。我们发现，当老虎出现在村庄周围的森林中时，豹子和美洲豹占据靠近村庄农田的区域，捕食相对丰富的野生食草动物作物掠夺者，从而显着减少作物（β = -2.25，p