The polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) is responsible for catalyzing both di- and trimethylation of histone H3 at lysine 27 (H3K27me2/3). The subunits of PRC2 are widely expressed in the central nervous system (CNS). PRC2 as well as H3K27me2/3, play distinct roles in neuronal identity, proliferation and differentiation of neural stem/progenitor cells, neuronal morphology, and gliogenesis. Mutations or dysregulations of PRC2 subunits often cause neurological diseases. Therefore, PRC2 might represent a common target of different pathological processes that drive neurodegenerative diseases. A better understanding of the intricate and complex regulatory networks mediated by PRC2 in CNS will help to develop new therapeutic approaches and to generate specific brain cell types for treating neurological diseases.

聚梳抑制复合物2（PRC2）负责催化组氨酸H3在赖氨酸27（H3K27me2 / 3）上的二甲基化和三甲基化。PRC2的亚基在中枢神经系统（CNS）中广泛表达。PRC2和H3K27me2 / 3在神经元身份，神经干/祖细胞的增殖和分化，神经元形态和胶质发生中起不同的作用。PRC2亚基的突变或失调通常会引起神经系统疾病。因此，PRC2可能代表驱动神经退行性疾病的不同病理过程的共同目标。对CNS介导的PRC2介导的复杂而复杂的调节网络的更好理解将有助于开发新的治疗方法，并产生用于治疗神经疾病的特定脑细胞类型。