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A flattened enantiornithine in mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber: morphology and preservation
Science Bulletin ( IF 18.8 ) Pub Date : 2018-01-31 , DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2018.01.019
Lida Xing 1 , Jingmai K O'Connor 2 , Ryan C McKellar 3 , Luis M Chiappe 4 , Ming Bai 5 , Kuowei Tseng 6 , Jie Zhang 7 , Haidong Yang 5 , Jun Fang 8 , Gang Li 7
Affiliation  

Cretaceous amber from Myanmar (∼99 Ma Burmese amber) has become a valuable supplement to the traditional skeletal record of small theropod dinosaurs preserved in sedimentary rocks, particularly for coelurosaurs and enantiornithines. The specimens recovered from this deposit preserve skeletal material and soft tissues in unmatched detail. This provides opportunities to study three-dimensional preservation of soft tissues, microstructure, and pigmentation patterns that are seldom available elsewhere in the fossil record. Ultimately, this line of research provides insights into life stages that are difficult to preserve, the ecology and appearance of the groups involved, and the evolutionary-development of structures such as feathers. Here we describe the most recent discovery from Burmese amber, an articulated skeleton of an enantiornithine bird. This individual has been sectioned along the coronal plane, providing a unique view inside multiple body regions. Osteological observations and plumage patterns support placement within the Enantiornithes, and suggest that the animal may have been a juvenile at the time of death. The specimen has a complex taphonomic history that includes exposure at the surface of a resin flow prior to encapsulation, and may include scavenging by some of the insects trapped within the same amber piece. The chemical composition observed along surface exposures and shallowly buried regions of the body indicate that the specimen has not undergone significant exchange with its surroundings. High iron concentrations are present in regions that preserve soft tissues as carbon films, and calcium distribution corresponds to regions where bones breach the surface of the amber.



中文翻译:

白垩纪中期缅甸琥珀中扁平的对映鸟氨酸:形态和保存

来自缅甸的白垩纪琥珀(~99 Ma 缅甸琥珀)已成为对保存在沉积岩中的小型兽脚亚目恐龙传统骨骼记录的宝贵补充,特别是对于虚骨龙和对映鸟。从该矿床中回收的标本以无与伦比的细节保存了骨骼材料和软组织。这提供了研究软组织、微观结构和色素沉着模式的三维保存的机会,这些在化石记录的其他地方很少见。最终,这一系列研究提供了对难以保存的生命阶段、相关群体的生态学和外观以及羽毛等结构的进化发展的见解。在这里,我们描述了缅甸琥珀的最新发现,这是一种对映鸟的关节骨架。此人已沿冠状面切开,提供了多个身体区域内部的独特视图。骨骼学观察和羽毛图案支持将其置于对映鸟中,并表明该动物在死亡时可能是一只幼鸟。该样本具有复杂的埋藏史,包括在封装前暴露在树脂流的表面,并且可能包括被困在同一块琥珀片中的一些昆虫清除。沿着身体的表面暴露和浅埋区域观察到的化学成分表明,该样本没有与周围环境发生重大交换。高铁浓度存在于将软组织保存为碳膜的区域,

更新日期:2018-01-31
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