Abstract This work studies an innovative approach to water treatment by using recycled electric induction furnace slag for the removal of Cd, Cr and Pb-ions and comparing the results to a treatment with specifically developed CeO2 nanoparticles. The slag was characterised by X-ray Fluorescence, X-ray diffraction and SEM. The effects of initial ion concentration and adsorbent dose were investigated according to an experimental design. Adsorption tests were carried out with ion solutions present in concentrations ranging from 1 to 10 mg/L and adsorbent doses from 0.064 to 0.64 g/L. The removal mechanism for CeO2 is adsorption. For slag, literature proposes a mechanism involving chemical adsorption of Cd2+, Cr6+ and Pb2+ by silanol and aluminol groups; precipitation in the form of metal silicates formed between the cations and silicic acid leached from the slag provides an alternative explanation. The removal efficiencies with nanoparticles are higher than reported for any other adsorbent (including slag) under all test combinations for the three metals investigated. The maximum removal efficiency with slag was 74% for Cr6+, 64% for Cd2+ and 34% for Pb2+, comparable to, or higher than, other materials reported in literature. The treatment with slag has clear promises in terms of economy and scalability.

中文翻译：

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水中重金属去除条件的优化：钢炉渣与CeO 2 纳米颗粒的比较

摘要 这项工作研究了一种创新的水处理方法，该方法使用回收的感应电炉渣去除 Cd、Cr 和 Pb 离子，并将结果与​​使用专门开发的 CeO2 纳米粒子进行的处理进行比较。炉渣通过X射线荧光、X射线衍射和SEM表征。根据实验设计研究了初始离子浓度和吸附剂剂量的影响。使用浓度范围为 1 至 10 mg/L 的离子溶液和 0​​.064 至 0.64 g/L 的吸附剂剂量进行吸附测试。CeO2 的去除机制是吸附。对于炉渣，文献提出了一种机制，包括硅烷醇和铝醇基团对 Cd2+、Cr6+ 和 Pb2+ 的化学吸附；阳离子和从渣中浸出的硅酸之间形成的金属硅酸盐形式的沉淀提供了另一种解释。在所研究的三种金属的所有测试组合下，纳米颗粒的去除效率高于任何其他吸附剂（包括炉渣）的去除效率。用炉渣去除 Cr6+ 的最大效率为 74%，Cd2+ 为 64%，Pb2+ 为 34%，与文献报道的其他材料相当或更高。炉渣处理在经济性和可扩展性方面具有明显的前景。Cd2+ 为 64%，Pb2+ 为 34%，与文献报道的其他材料相当或更高。炉渣处理在经济性和可扩展性方面具有明显的前景。Cd2+ 为 64%，Pb2+ 为 34%，与文献报道的其他材料相当或更高。炉渣处理在经济性和可扩展性方面具有明显的前景。