Abstract Soft electronic systems are emerging that are heralded to bring revolution and a frontier for the interactions between human beings and machines. Interactive interfaces enable integrated bidirectional functionalities of sensing the external stimulus and providing interactive response to the users. Human body is considerably soft and stretchable; this characteristic puts forward the need for good mechanical conformabilities for the interfacing electronic devices. As a vital and indispensable component in electronic systems, soft and deformable conductor is of great importance to establish the enabling technologies. Significant progresses have been developed with new strategies and materials being exploited to improve the performance of elastic conductors. In this article, we review the latest advances in deformable conductors and their applications to enable soft electronic devices for human–machine interfaces. We first focus on the important characteristics of the deformable conductors in their stretchability, conductivity, and transparency. Representative soft electronic systems that are categorized into “receptive devices” and “responsive devices” are then reviewed.

中文翻译：

---

用于人机界面的可变形导体

摘要 软电子系统的出现预示着革命和人机交互的前沿。交互界面实现了感知外部刺激和为用户提供交互响应的集成双向功能。人体相当柔软且可拉伸；这一特性提出了对接口电子设备良好机械一致性的需求。作为电子系统中不可或缺的重要组成部分，柔软且可变形的导体对于建立使能技术具有重要意义。随着新策略和新材料被开发用于改善弹性导体的性能，已经取得了重大进展。在本文中，我们回顾了可变形导体及其应用的最新进展，以实现人机界面的软电子设备。我们首先关注可变形导体在其拉伸性、导电性和透明度方面的重要特性。然后审查被分类为“接收设备”和“响应设备”的代表性软电子系统。