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Genomic Characterization of Biliary Tract Cancers Identifies Driver Genes and Predisposing Mutations
Journal of Hepatology ( IF 26.8 ) Pub Date : 2018-05-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2018.01.009
Christopher P. Wardell , Masashi Fujita , Toru Yamada , Michele Simbolo , Matteo Fassan , Rosa Karlic , Paz Polak , Jaegil Kim , Yutaka Hatanaka , Kazuhiro Maejima , Rita T. Lawlor , Yoshitsugu Nakanishi , Tomoko Mitsuhashi , Akihiro Fujimoto , Mayuko Furuta , Andrea Ruzzenente , Simone Conci , Ayako Oosawa , Aya Sasaki-Oku , Kaoru Nakano , Hiroko Tanaka , Yujiro Yamamoto , Kubo Michiaki , Yoshiiku Kawakami , Hiroshi Aikata , Masaki Ueno , Shinya Hayami , Kunihito Gotoh , Shun-ichi Ariizumi , Masakazu Yamamoto , Hiroki Yamaue , Kazuaki Chayama , Satoru Miyano , Gad Getz , Aldo Scarpa , Satoshi Hirano , Toru Nakamura , Hidewaki Nakagawa

BACKGROUND & AIMS Biliary tract cancers (BTCs) are clinically and pathologically heterogeneous and respond poorly to treatment. Genomic profiling can offer a clearer understanding of their carcinogenesis, classification and treatment strategy. We performed large-scale genome sequencing analyses on BTCs to investigate their somatic and germline driver events and characterize their genomic landscape. METHODS We analyzed 412 BTC samples from Japanese and Italian populations, 107 by whole-exome sequencing (WES), 39 by whole-genome sequencing (WGS), and a further 266 samples by targeted sequencing. The subtypes were 136 intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas (ICCs), 101 distal cholangiocarcinomas (DCCs), 109 peri-hilar type cholangiocarcinomas (PHCs), and 66 gallbladder or cystic duct cancers (GBCs/CDCs). We identified somatic alterations and searched for driver genes in BTCs, finding pathogenic germline variants of cancer-predisposing genes. We predicted cell-of-origin for BTCs by combining somatic mutation patterns and epigenetic features. RESULTS We identified 32 significantly and commonly mutated genes including TP53, KRAS, SMAD4, NF1, ARID1A, PBRM1, and ATR, some of which negatively affected patient prognosis. A novel deletion of MUC17 at 7q22.1 affected patient prognosis. Cell-of-origin predictions using WGS and epigenetic features suggest hepatocyte-origin of hepatitis-related ICCs. Deleterious germline mutations of cancer-predisposing genes such as BRCA1, BRCA2, RAD51D, MLH1, or MSH2 were detected in 11% (16/146) of BTC patients. CONCLUSIONS BTCs have distinct genetic features including somatic events and germline predisposition. These findings could be useful to establish treatment and diagnostic strategies for BTCs based on genetic information. LAY SUMMARY We here analyzed genomic features of 412 BTC samples from Japanese and Italian populations. A total of 32 significantly and commonly mutated genes were identified, some of which negatively affected patient prognosis, including a novel deletion of MUC17 at 7q22.1. Cell-of-origin predictions using WGS and epigenetic features suggest hepatocyte-origin of hepatitis-related ICCs. Deleterious germline mutations of cancer-predisposing genes were detected in 11% of patients with BTC. BTCs have distinct genetic features including somatic events and germline predisposition.

中文翻译:

胆道癌的基因组特征鉴定驱动基因和易感突变

背景和目的 胆道癌 (BTC) 在临床和病理上具有异质性,对治疗的反应很差。基因组分析可以更清楚地了解它们的致癌作用、分类和治疗策略。我们对 BTC 进行了大规模基因组测序分析,以研究它们的体细胞和种系驱动事件并表征它们的基因组景观。方法我们分析了来自日本和意大利人群的 412 个 BTC 样本,107 个通过全外显子组测序 (WES),39 个通过全基因组测序 (WGS),另外 266 个样本通过靶向测序。亚型包括 136 例肝内胆管癌 (ICC)、101 例远端胆管癌 (DCC)、109 例肝门周围型胆管癌 (PHC) 和 66 例胆囊或胆囊管癌 (GBC/CDC)。我们确定了体细胞改变并在 BTC 中寻找驱动基因,发现了癌症易感基因的致病种系变异。我们通过结合体细胞突变模式和表观遗传特征预测了 BTC 的起源细胞。结果 我们鉴定了 32 个显着且常见的突变基因,包括 TP53、KRAS、SMAD4、NF1、ARID1A、PBRM1 和 ATR,其中一些对患者预后产生负面影响。7q22.1 处 MUC17 的新缺失影响了患者的预后。使用 WGS 和表观遗传特征的细胞起源预测表明肝炎相关 ICC 的肝细胞起源。在 11% (16/146) 的 BTC 患者中检测到 BRCA1、BRCA2、RAD51D、MLH1 或 MSH2 等癌症易感基因的有害种系突变。结论 BTC 具有独特的遗传特征,包括体细胞事件和生殖系易感性。这些发现可能有助于基于遗传信息建立 BTC 的治疗和诊断策略。概述 我们在此分析了来自日本和意大利人群的 412 个 BTC 样本的基因组特征。共鉴定出 32 个显着且常见的突变基因,其中一些对患者预后产生负面影响,包括 7q22.1 处 MUC17 的新缺失。使用 WGS 和表观遗传特征的细胞起源预测表明肝炎相关 ICC 的肝细胞起源。在 11% 的 BTC 患者中检测到致癌基因的有害种系突变。BTC 具有独特的遗传特征,包括体细胞事件和生殖系易感性。概述 我们在此分析了来自日本和意大利人群的 412 个 BTC 样本的基因组特征。共鉴定出 32 个显着且常见的突变基因,其中一些对患者预后产生负面影响,包括 7q22.1 处 MUC17 的新缺失。使用 WGS 和表观遗传特征的细胞起源预测表明肝炎相关 ICC 的肝细胞起源。在 11% 的 BTC 患者中检测到致癌基因的有害种系突变。BTC 具有独特的遗传特征,包括体细胞事件和生殖系易感性。概述 我们在此分析了来自日本和意大利人群的 412 个 BTC 样本的基因组特征。共鉴定出 32 个显着且常见的突变基因,其中一些对患者预后产生负面影响,包括 7q22.1 处 MUC17 的新缺失。使用 WGS 和表观遗传特征的细胞起源预测表明肝炎相关 ICC 的肝细胞起源。在 11% 的 BTC 患者中检测到致癌基因的有害种系突变。BTC 具有独特的遗传特征,包括体细胞事件和生殖系易感性。使用 WGS 和表观遗传特征的细胞起源预测表明肝炎相关 ICC 的肝细胞起源。在 11% 的 BTC 患者中检测到致癌基因的有害种系突变。BTC 具有独特的遗传特征,包括体细胞事件和生殖系易感性。使用 WGS 和表观遗传特征的细胞起源预测表明肝炎相关 ICC 的肝细胞起源。在 11% 的 BTC 患者中检测到致癌基因的有害种系突变。BTC 具有独特的遗传特征,包括体细胞事件和生殖系易感性。
更新日期:2018-05-01
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