Noninvasive near‐infrared (NIR) light responsive therapy is a promising cancer treatment modality; however, some inherent drawbacks of conventional phototherapy heavily restrict its application in clinic. Rather than producing heat or reactive oxygen species in conventional NIR treatment, here a multifunctional yolk–shell nanoplatform is proposed that is able to generate microbubbles to destruct cancer cells upon NIR laser irradiation. Besides, the therapeutic effect is highly improved through the coalition of small interfering RNA (siRNA), which is codelivered by the nanoplatform. In vitro experiments demonstrate that siRNA significantly inhibits expression of protective proteins and reduces the tolerance of cancer cells to bubble‐induced environmental damage. In this way, higher cytotoxicity is achieved by utilizing the yolk–shell nanoparticles than treated with the same nanoparticles missing siRNA under NIR laser irradiation. After surface modification with polyethylene glycol and transferrin, the yolk–shell nanoparticles can target tumors selectively, as demonstrated from the photoacoustic and ultrasonic imaging in vivo. The yolk–shell nanoplatform shows outstanding tumor regression with minimal side effects under NIR laser irradiation. Therefore, the multifunctional nanoparticles that combining bubble‐induced mechanical effect with RNA interference are expected to be an effective NIR light responsive oncotherapy.

中文翻译：

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卵黄壳纳米平台的基因沉默增强癌症的光解消融。

无创近红外（NIR）光响应疗法是一种有前途的癌症治疗方法。然而，常规光疗的一些固有缺陷严重限制了其在临床中的应用。此处提出了一种多功能的蛋黄壳纳米平台，而不是在传统的近红外光谱处理中产生热量或活性氧，它能够在近红外激光照射下产生微气泡来破坏癌细胞。此外，通过小干扰RNA（siRNA）的联合极大地提高了治疗效果，该小干扰RNA是由纳米平台编码传递的。体外实验表明，siRNA可以显着抑制保护性蛋白的表达，并降低癌细胞对气泡诱导的环境损害的耐受性。通过这种方式，通过使用卵黄壳纳米颗粒，比使用在NIR激光照射下缺失siRNA的相同纳米颗粒所治疗的细胞毒性更高。经过聚乙二醇和转铁蛋白的表面修饰后，卵黄质纳米粒子可以选择性地靶向肿瘤，这从体内的光声和超声成像可以看出。卵黄壳纳米平台在NIR激光辐照下显示出出色的肿瘤消退和最小的副作用。因此，将气泡诱导的机械作用与RNA干扰相结合的多功能纳米粒子有望成为一种有效的近红外光响应性肿瘤疗法。如体内的光声和超声成像所证明，卵黄壳纳米颗粒可以选择性地靶向肿瘤。卵黄壳纳米平台在NIR激光辐照下显示出出色的肿瘤消退和最小的副作用。因此，将气泡诱导的机械作用与RNA干扰相结合的多功能纳米粒子有望成为一种有效的近红外光响应性肿瘤疗法。如体内的光声和超声成像所证明，卵黄壳纳米颗粒可以选择性地靶向肿瘤。卵黄壳纳米平台在NIR激光辐照下显示出出色的肿瘤消退和最小的副作用。因此，将气泡诱导的机械作用与RNA干扰相结合的多功能纳米粒子有望成为一种有效的近红外光响应性肿瘤疗法。