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Collaboration and competition: ethics in toxicology
Toxicology Research ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2018-02-01 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1039/c7tx00306d
Emma S. Walker 1, 2, 3, 4 , Ruth A. Roberts 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
Affiliation  

From animal research through adverse events in clinical trials to health scares around food contamination, toxicology has frequently been a focus of scientific and societal concern. As these concerns shift with each new drug, new technology or public health scare, how can toxicology stay current, relevant and ethical? Two of the biggest ethical challenges in pharmaceutical toxicology are the use of animals in testing and the high safety-related attrition rates in new drug development. Both of these require progress in the discipline that will only be driven by research funding. Yet, very little is invested in these two fields compared with investment in new efficacy models, new disease targets and new technologies. How can this be addressed? Here, we explore current paradigms in toxicology that may have the potential for perceived or actual unethical ramifications. We discuss the underpinnings of such practices and make recommendations for change around peer review, resourcing, transparency and data sharing. These ideas build on the analysis presented in the 2004 Paton Prize lecture (Purchase, 2004) where issues around conflict of interest (COI), collaboration and competition in the context of ethical behaviours were highlighted. These areas are clearly relevant to many aspects of scientific research but here we focus on toxicology and specifically toxicology in the pharmaceutical industry.

中文翻译:

合作与竞争:毒理学伦理学

从动物研究到临床试验中的不良事件,再到食品污染引起的健康恐慌,毒理学一直是科学和社会关注的焦点。随着这些关注点随着每种新药,新技术或公共卫生恐慌而转移,毒理学如何保持最新,相关和合乎道德的要求?药物毒理学中最大的两个道德挑战是在试验中使用动物以及在新药开发中高安全性相关的消耗率。这两方面都要求该学科取得进展,而这只能由研究经费来驱动。然而,与在新功效模型,新疾病靶标和新技术方面的投资相比,在这两个领域的投入很少。如何解决?这里,我们探索了当前的毒理学范式,这些范式可能会引起人们察觉或实际的不道德后果。我们讨论了此类做法的基础,并就同行评审,资源配置,透明度和数据共享方面的变化提出了建议。这些想法建立在2004年Paton奖演讲(购买,2004年)上的分析基础上,其中强调了在道德行为背景下的利益冲突(COI),合作与竞争等问题。这些领域显然与科学研究的许多方面相关,但在这里我们专注于毒理学,尤其是制药行业的毒理学。这些想法建立在2004年Paton奖演讲(购买,2004年)上的分析基础上,其中强调了在道德行为背景下的利益冲突(COI),合作与竞争等问题。这些领域显然与科学研究的许多方面相关,但在这里我们专注于毒理学,尤其是制药行业的毒理学。这些想法建立在2004年Paton奖演讲(购买,2004年)上的分析基础上,其中强调了在道德行为背景下的利益冲突(COI),合作与竞争等问题。这些领域显然与科学研究的许多方面相关,但在这里我们专注于毒理学,尤其是制药行业的毒理学。
更新日期:2018-02-01
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