Small peptides mediate cell–cell communication to coordinate a variety of plant developmental processes. Signaling peptides specifically bind to the extracellular domains of receptors that belong to the receptor-like kinase family, and the peptide–receptor interaction activates a range of biochemical and physiological processes. The plant root is crucial for the anchorage of plants in soil as well as for the uptake of water and nutrients. Over recent years great progress has been made in the identification of receptors, structural analysis of peptide–receptor pairs, and characterization of their signaling pathways during plant root development. We review here recent advances in the elucidation of the functions and molecular mechanisms of signaling peptides, the peptide–receptor pairs that activate signal initiation, and their signaling pathways during root development.

小肽介导细胞间的通讯，以协调各种植物发育过程。信号肽特异性结合属于受体样激酶家族的受体的胞外域，并且肽与受体的相互作用激活了一系列生化和生理过程。植物根对于植物在土壤中的固着以及对水分和养分的吸收至关重要。近年来，在植物根发育过程中受体的鉴定，肽-受体对的结构分析以及它们的信号传导途径的表征方面已经取得了很大的进步。我们在这里回顾了在阐明信号肽，激活信号起始的肽-受体对的功能和分子机制方面的最新进展，