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Renin cells in homeostasis, regeneration and immune defence mechanisms
Nature Reviews Nephrology ( IF 28.6 ) Pub Date : 2018-01-30 , DOI: 10.1038/nrneph.2017.186
R. Ariel Gomez , Maria Luisa S. Sequeira-Lopez

An accumulating body of evidence suggests that renin-expressing cells have developed throughout evolution as a mechanism to preserve blood pressure and fluid volume homeostasis as well as to counteract a number of homeostatic and immunological threats. In the developing embryo, renin precursor cells emerge in multiple tissues, where they differentiate into a variety of cell types. The function of those precursors and their progeny is beginning to be unravelled. In the developing kidney, renin-expressing cells control the morphogenesis and branching of the renal arterial tree. The cells do not seem to fully differentiate but instead retain a degree of developmental plasticity or molecular memory, which enables them to regenerate injured glomeruli or to alter their phenotype to control blood pressure and fluid–electrolyte homeostasis. In haematopoietic tissues, renin-expressing cells might regulate bone marrow differentiation and participate in a circulating leukocyte renin–angiotensin system, which acts as a defence mechanism against infections or tissue injury. Furthermore, renin-expressing cells have an intricate lineage and functional relationship with erythropoietin-producing cells and are therefore central to two endocrine systems — the renin–angiotensin and erythropoietin systems — that sustain life by controlling fluid volume and composition, perfusion pressure and oxygen delivery to tissues. However, loss of the homeostatic control of these systems following dysregulation of renin-expressing cells can be detrimental, with serious pathological events.



中文翻译:

肾素细胞的体内稳态,再生和免疫防御机制

越来越多的证据表明,表达肾素的细胞已在整个进化过程中发展起来,可作为一种保持血压和体液稳态的机制,并能抵抗许多体内平衡和免疫学威胁。在发育中的胚胎中,肾素前体细胞出现在多种组织中,它们分化成多种细胞类型。这些前体及其后代的功能已开始被阐明。在发育中的肾脏中,表达肾素的细胞控制着肾动脉树的形态发生和分支。这些细胞似乎并未完全分化,而是保留了一定程度的发育可塑性或分子记忆,这使它们能够再生受损的肾小球或改变其表型,从而控制血压和流体电解质的动态平衡。在造血组织中,表达肾素的细胞可能会调节骨髓分化并参与循环的白细胞肾素-血管紧张素系统,这是抵抗感染或组织损伤的一种防御机制。此外,表达肾素的细胞与促红细胞生成素的细胞有着复杂的谱系和功能关系,因此是两个内分泌系统(肾素-血管紧张素和促红细胞生成素系统)的核心,它们通过控制体液量和成分,灌注压力和氧气输送来维持生命。到组织。然而,肾素表达细胞失调后失去这些系统的稳态控制可能是有害的,并伴有严重的病理事件。表达肾素的细胞可能调节骨髓分化,并参与循环的白细胞肾素-血管紧张素系统,该系统可作为抵抗感染或组织损伤的防御机制。此外,表达肾素的细胞与促红细胞生成素的细胞有着复杂的谱系和功能关系,因此是两个内分泌系统(肾素-血管紧张素和促红细胞生成素系统)的核心,它们通过控制体液量和成分,灌注压力和氧气输送来维持生命。到组织。然而,肾素表达细胞失调后失去这些系统的稳态控制可能是有害的,并伴有严重的病理事件。表达肾素的细胞可能调节骨髓分化,并参与循环的白细胞肾素-血管紧张素系统,该系统可作为抵抗感染或组织损伤的防御机制。此外,表达肾素的细胞与促红细胞生成素的细胞有着复杂的谱系和功能关系,因此是两个内分泌系统(肾素-血管紧张素和促红细胞生成素系统)的核心,它们通过控制体液量和成分,灌注压力和氧气输送来维持生命。到组织。然而,肾素表达细胞失调后失去这些系统的稳态控制可能是有害的,并伴有严重的病理事件。表达肾素的细胞与促红细胞生成素的细胞有着复杂的谱系和功能关系,因此是两个内分泌系统(肾素-血管紧张素和促红细胞生成素系统)的核心,它们通过控制体液量和成分,灌注压力和向组织的氧气输送来维持生命。然而,肾素表达细胞失调后失去这些系统的稳态控制可能是有害的,并伴有严重的病理事件。表达肾素的细胞与促红细胞生成素的细胞有着复杂的谱系和功能关系,因此是两个内分泌系统(肾素-血管紧张素和促红细胞生成素系统)的核心,它们通过控制体液量和成分,灌注压力和向组织的氧气输送来维持生命。然而,肾素表达细胞失调后失去这些系统的稳态控制可能是有害的,并伴有严重的病理事件。

更新日期:2018-01-30
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