The development of innovative high-throughput genomics and metabolomics technologies has considerably expanded our understanding of the commensal microorganisms residing within the human body, collectively termed the microbiota. In recent years, the microbiota has been reported to have important roles in multiple aspects of human health, pathology and host-pathogen interactions. One function of commensals that has attracted particular interest is their role in protection against pathogens and pathobionts, a concept known as colonization resistance. However, pathogens are also able to sense and exploit the microbiota during infection. Therefore, obtaining a holistic understanding of colonization resistance mechanisms is essential for the development of microbiome-based and microbiome-targeting therapies for humans and animals. Achieving this is dependent on utilizing physiologically relevant animal models. In this Perspective, we discuss the colonization resistance functions of the gut microbiota and sieve through the advantages and limitations of murine models commonly used to study such mechanisms within the context of enteric bacterial infection.

中文翻译：

---

通过肠道模型筛选定植抗性。

创新的高通量基因组学和代谢组学技术的发展极大地扩展了我们对人类体内共生微生物（统称为微生物群）的理​​解。近年来，据报道该微生物群在人类健康，病理学和宿主-病原体相互作用的多个方面具有重要作用。纪念活动的一项引起人们特别关注的功能是其在抵抗病原体和致病菌方面的作用，这一概念被称为定殖抗性。但是，病原体在感染过程中也能够感知和利用微生物。因此，获得对定植抗性机制的全面了解对于开发基于微生物组和靶向微生物的人和动物疗法至关重要。实现这一点取决于利用生理相关的动物模型。在此观点中，我们将通过肠道模型通常在肠道细菌感染背景下研究此类机制的小鼠模型的优点和局限性，来讨论肠道菌群和筛子的定殖抗性功能。