Abstract Nanocarbon materials have an important role in future energy storage devices, but their production has a significant energy demand and contributes to pollution. This work introduces a new method to carbonise natural biomass into nanocarbon materials at low temperatures via a simple nickel treatment. The materials obtained are covered homogeneously with nickel nanoparticles, and show excellent electrochemical properties. A material which has a unique structure with micro- and macro-pores is obtained after removal of the nickel nanoparticles, leading to outstanding supercapacitor performance. In addition, we show that activation of the nickel particles converts the material into an effective catalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction.

中文翻译：

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用于能源设备的生物质衍生纳米碳的镍处理

摘要 纳米碳材料在未来的储能装置中发挥着重要作用，但其生产过程对能源的需求很大，并且会导致污染。这项工作引入了一种通过简单的镍处理在低温下将天然生物质碳化成纳米碳材料的新方法。获得的材料均匀地覆盖有镍纳米颗粒，并显示出优异的电化学性能。去除镍纳米颗粒后，获得了一种具有微孔和大孔的独特结构的材料，从而具有出色的超级电容器性能。此外，我们表明镍颗粒的活化将材料转化为析氢反应的有效催化剂。