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Self‐Calibrating Mechanochromic Fluorescent Polymers Based on Encapsulated Excimer‐Forming Dyes
Advanced Materials ( IF 27.4 ) Pub Date : 2018-01-18 , DOI: 10.1002/adma.201704603 Céline Calvino 1 , Anirvan Guha 1 , Christoph Weder 1 , Stephen Schrettl 1
Advanced Materials ( IF 27.4 ) Pub Date : 2018-01-18 , DOI: 10.1002/adma.201704603 Céline Calvino 1 , Anirvan Guha 1 , Christoph Weder 1 , Stephen Schrettl 1
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While mechanochemical transduction principles are omnipresent in nature, mimicking these in artificial materials is challenging. The ability to reliably detect the exposure of man‐made objects to mechanical forces is, however, of great interest for many applications, including structural health monitoring and tamper‐proof packaging. A useful concept to achieve mechanochromic responses in polymers is the integration of microcapsules, which rupture upon deformation and release a payload causing a visually detectable response. Herein, it is reported that this approach can be used to create mechanochromic fluorescent materials that show a direct and ratiometric response to mechanical deformation. This can be achieved by filling poly(urea‐formaldehyde) microcapsules with a solution of a photoluminescent aggregachromic cyano‐substituted oligo(p‐phenylene vinylene) and embedding these particles in poly(dimethylsiloxane). The application of mechanical force by way of impact, incision, or tensile deformation opens the microcapsules and releases the fluorophore in the damaged area. Due to excimer formation, the subsequent aggregation of the dye furnishes a detectable fluorescence color change. With the emission from unopened microcapsules as built‐in reference, the approach affords materials that are self‐calibrating. This new concept appears to be readily applicable to a range of polymer matrices and allows for the straightforward assessment of their structural integrity.
中文翻译：
基于封装的准分子形成染料的自校准机械变色荧光聚合物
虽然机械化学转导原理在自然界无处不在，但在人造材料中模仿这些原理仍具有挑战性。但是，可靠地检测到人造物体受到机械力的影响的能力在许多应用中都引起了极大的兴趣，包括结构健康监测和防篡改包装。在聚合物中实现机械变色响应的有用概念是微囊的整合，微囊在变形时破裂并释放有效载荷，从而引起视觉上可检测的响应。在本文中，据报道该方法可用于产生对机械变形表现出直接和比例响应的机械变色荧光材料。这可以通过在聚（脲甲醛）微胶囊中填充光致发光的团聚变色的氰基取代的寡核苷酸（对亚苯基亚乙烯基）并将这些颗粒嵌入聚二甲基硅氧烷中。通过冲击，切割或拉伸变形施加机械力会打开微囊，并在受损区域释放荧光团。由于受激准分子的形成，染料的后续聚集提供了可检测的荧光颜色变化。借助未打开的微胶囊的发射作为内置参考，该方法可提供可自我校准的材料。这一新概念似乎很容易适用于多种聚合物基体，并可以对其结构完整性进行直接评估。
更新日期：2018-01-18
中文翻译：
基于封装的准分子形成染料的自校准机械变色荧光聚合物
虽然机械化学转导原理在自然界无处不在，但在人造材料中模仿这些原理仍具有挑战性。但是，可靠地检测到人造物体受到机械力的影响的能力在许多应用中都引起了极大的兴趣，包括结构健康监测和防篡改包装。在聚合物中实现机械变色响应的有用概念是微囊的整合，微囊在变形时破裂并释放有效载荷，从而引起视觉上可检测的响应。在本文中，据报道该方法可用于产生对机械变形表现出直接和比例响应的机械变色荧光材料。这可以通过在聚（脲甲醛）微胶囊中填充光致发光的团聚变色的氰基取代的寡核苷酸（对亚苯基亚乙烯基）并将这些颗粒嵌入聚二甲基硅氧烷中。通过冲击，切割或拉伸变形施加机械力会打开微囊，并在受损区域释放荧光团。由于受激准分子的形成，染料的后续聚集提供了可检测的荧光颜色变化。借助未打开的微胶囊的发射作为内置参考，该方法可提供可自我校准的材料。这一新概念似乎很容易适用于多种聚合物基体，并可以对其结构完整性进行直接评估。
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