Abstract An integrated solar system was examined and worked for drying chamomile during the summer season 2013 in Germany. The system consisted of collector, heat exchanger, reflector, main drying chamber below collector, additional drying chamber and supplementary electric heaters immersed in water tank. It could also storage of solar energy into water during the time of sun-shine and reuse this energy at cloudy weather or off sunshine time to raise the temperature of drying air inside the system. The capacity of main drying chamber ranged 32–35 kg of fresh chamomile and 10–12 kg for the other separate drying chamber. Air temperature inside the dryer could be maintained as desired range for drying chamomile using a temperature controller. The integrated dryer was operated about 30–33 h to reduce the moisture contents of chamomile from 72-75%–6% (wb) compared to 60 h to reduce it to 9–10% (wb) using open sun drying method. Nine mathematical models for drying kinetics of chamomile were tested to determine the parameters of the best suitable models for those plants. It is found Midili model was the best model to define drying kinetics of chamomile for the main and additional drying chambers in solar system.

中文翻译：

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洋甘菊综合混合太阳能干燥系统及其干燥动力学

摘要 在德国 2013 年夏季，对一个集成的太阳能系统进行了检查并用于干燥洋甘菊。该系统由集热器、热交换器、反射器、集热器下方的主干燥室、附加干燥室和浸入水箱中的辅助电加热器组成。它还可以在阳光明媚的时候将太阳能储存到水中，在阴天或没有阳光的时候再利用这些能量，以提高系统内干燥空气的温度。主干燥室的容量范围为 32-35 公斤新鲜洋甘菊，另一个独立干燥室的容量为 10-12 公斤。使用温度控制器，干燥机内的空气温度可以保持在干燥洋甘菊所需的范围内。集成干燥机运行约 30-33 小时以将洋甘菊的水分含量从 72-75%-6% (wb) 降低，而使用露天晒干方法则需要 60 小时将其降低至 9-10% (wb)。测试了九种洋甘菊干燥动力学数学模型，以确定最适合这些植物的模型的参数。发现 Midili 模型是定义太阳系主干燥室和附加干燥室洋甘菊干燥动力学的最佳模型。