Nowadays, there is a lot of research done with renewable diesel fuels. The number of parent materials (especially sludge oil, used oil, edible and non-edible oils), production technologies, and additives of biodiesel is increasing. In our work a comprehensive comparison test series of three fuels (fossil diesel, conventional biodiesel (rapeseed oil methyl ester), and a new type of biodiesel (which is called Triglycerides of Modified Structure)) have been performed. Comparison tests have been conducted with respect to their physicochemical properties and their effect on the combustion and emission of a bus engine. Referring to the physicochemical properties, the tested biodiesel fulfil all the requirements of the EN (European Norm) 14214 standard, but the tested TBK (Thesz-Boros-Kiraly) doesn't fit some of the requirements of the EN standard. Based on the indicator and heat release results it can be established, that there is no significant, but a moderate improvement of the combustion process with bio fuels. As for the emission it can be stated, that bio fuels are advantageous as well, but the results are near to measurement accuracy, except smoke and opacity, which decreased in a high degree in case of the two tested bio fuel compared to the fossil one.

中文翻译：

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柴油、生物柴油和TBK-生物柴油燃料的理化特性试验研究及CI内燃机燃烧排放分析

如今，对可再生柴油燃料进行了大量研究。生物柴油的母料（特别是油泥、废油、食用油和非食用油）、生产技术和添加剂的数量不断增加。在我们的工作中，进行了三种燃料（化石柴油、常规生物柴油（菜籽油甲酯）和新型生物柴油（称为改性结构的甘油三酯））的综合比较测试系列。已经对它们的理化特性及其对客车发动机的燃烧和排放的影响进行了比较测试。在理化性质方面，被测生物柴油满足EN（欧洲标准）14214标准的所有要求，但被测生物柴油（Thesz-Boros-Kiraly）不符合EN标准的部分要求。根据指标和放热结果可以确定，使用生物燃料的燃烧过程没有显着改善，但有适度改善。至于排放，可以说生物燃料也有优势，但结果接近测量精度，除了烟雾和不透明度，与化石燃料相比，两种测试的生物燃料在很大程度上降低了.