Previous studies have shown that DHA in triglyceride (TG) and phosphatidylcholine (PC) forms are different in their bioavailability. The aim of this study was to investigate the comparative effects of DHA-TG and DHA-PC on tissue DHA accretion in dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid deficient (n-3 Def) mice. The mice were fed with n-3 Def diet containing DHA-TG or DHA-PC (5 g/kg diet) for 2, 4, 7, or 14 d after weaning, respectively. The DHA levels in the cortex, liver, testis, and erythrocytes were analyzed by gas chromatography. For liver, DHA mainly existed in hepatic phospholipids relative to triglycerides. Both DHA-TG and DHA-PC could recover the hepatic DHA to a normal level. Interestingly, DHA-TG was more effective in increasing the DHA level in hepatic triglycerides, and DHA-PC was more effective in increasing the DHA level in hepatic phospholipids. For erythrocytes, during the first 7 d, no difference was observed after dietary DHA-TG and DHA-PC but a significantly higher DHA percentage was detected in the DHA-PC group after 14 d. For cortex, the DHA-TG group showed a higher cortical DHA level at the 4th day, but the DHA-PC group showed a higher cortical DHA level with a greater slope from Day 7 to Day 14, and the same trend was observed in testis. But unexpectedly, the DHA level in testis showed a downtrend from Day 7 to Day 14. This study suggests that, under dietary n-3-deficient condition, both DHA-TG and DHA-PC could recover the DHA level in tissues after weaning, and DHA-PC showed a better supplemental effect. PRACTICAL APPLICATION Dietary DHA is essential for neurodevelopment which is usually accompanied by large amounts of DHA accretion in the brain. Our present study showed that DHA-PC had a better efficiency for DHA accretion in the brain and other tissues compared with DHA-TG. The findings are supposed to pave the way for the DHA in phospholipids as a novel nutrient added into the infant formula and assisted food for neurodevelopment.

中文翻译：

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断奶后喂食甘油三酯或磷脂酰胆碱中 DHA 的膳食 n-3 缺陷小鼠补充二十二碳六烯酸 (DHA)

先前的研究表明，甘油三酯 (TG) 和磷脂酰胆碱 (PC) 形式的 DHA 的生物利用度不同。本研究的目的是研究 DHA-TG 和 DHA-PC 对膳食 n-3 多不饱和脂肪酸缺乏 (n-3 Def) 小鼠组织 DHA 增加的比较影响。断奶后分别给小鼠喂食含有DHA-TG或DHA-PC的n-3 Def饮食（5 g/kg饮食）2、4、7或14天。通过气相色谱分析皮质、肝脏、睾丸和红细胞中的 DHA 水平。对于肝脏，相对于甘油三酯，DHA主要存在于肝脏磷脂中。DHA-TG 和DHA-PC 都可以使肝脏DHA 恢复到正常水平。有趣的是，DHA-TG 在增加肝脏甘油三酯中的 DHA 水平方面更有效，DHA-PC 在提高肝磷脂中的 DHA 水平方面更有效。对于红细胞，在前 7 天，膳食 DHA-TG 和 DHA-PC 后没有观察到差异，但在 14 天后 DHA-PC 组中检测到 DHA 百分比显着升高。皮质方面，DHA-TG组第4天皮质DHA水平较高，但DHA-PC组第7天至第14天皮质DHA水平较高，斜率较大，睾丸中观察到相同趋势. 但出乎意料的是，睾丸中的DHA水平从第7天到第14天呈下降趋势。这项研究表明，在饮食n-3缺乏的情况下，DHA-TG和DHA-PC都可以在断奶后恢复组织中的DHA水平， DHA-PC 显示出更好的补充效果。实际应用 膳食 DHA 对神经发育至关重要，这通常伴随着大脑中大量 DHA 的积累。我们目前的研究表明，与 DHA-TG 相比，DHA-PC 在大脑和其他组织中的 DHA 积累效率更高。这些发现应该为磷脂中的 DHA 作为一种添加到婴儿配方奶粉中的新型营养素和促进神经发育的辅助食物铺平道路。