One of the key goals in spintronics is to tame the spin-orbit coupling (SOC) that links spin and motion of electrons, giving rise to intriguing magneto-transport properties in itinerant magnets. Prominent examples of such SOC-based phenomena are the anomalous and topological Hall effects. However, controlling them with electric fields has remained unachieved since an electric field tends to be screened in itinerant magnets. Here we demonstrate that both anomalous and topological Hall effects can be modulated by electric fields in oxide heterostructures consisting of ferromagnetic SrRuO₃ and nonmagnetic SrIrO₃. We observe a clear electric field effect only when SrIrO₃ is inserted between SrRuO₃ and a gate dielectric. Our results establish that strong SOC of nonmagnetic materials such as SrIrO₃ is essential in electrical tuning of these Hall effects and possibly other SOC-related phenomena.

中文翻译：

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电场控制氧化物双层薄膜中的异常和拓扑霍尔效应。

自旋电子学的关键目标之一是控制连接电子的自旋和运动的自旋轨道耦合（SOC），从而在巡回磁体中产生令人着迷的磁传输特性。这种基于SOC的现象的突出示例是异常和拓扑霍尔效应。然而，由于电场倾向于在巡回磁体中被屏蔽，因此仍然没有实现通过电场来控制它们。在这里，我们证明了异常和拓扑霍尔效应都可以通过由铁磁性SrRuO ₃和非磁性SrIrO ₃组成的氧化物异质结构中的电场来调节。只有在SrRuO ₃之间插入SrIrO ₃时，我们才能观察到清晰的电场效应和栅极电介质。我们的结果表明，非电性材料（如SrIrO ₃）的强SOC对于这些霍尔效应以及其他可能与SOC相关的现象的电调谐至关重要。