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Carbon and nitrogen mineralization and enzyme activities in soil aggregate-size classes: Effects of biochar, oyster shells, and polymers
Chemosphere ( IF 8.1 ) Pub Date : 2018-01-12 , DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.01.034
Yasser Mahmoud Awad , Sang Soo Lee , Ki-Hyun Kim , Yong Sik Ok , Yakov Kuzyakov

Biochar (BC) and polymers are cost-effective additives for soil quality improvement and long-term sustainability. The additional use of the oyster shells (OS) powder in BC- or polymer-treated soils is recommended as a nutrient source, to enhance aggregation and to increase enzyme activities. The effects of soil treatments (i.e., BC (5 Mg ha−1) and polymers (biopolymer at 0.4 Mg ha−1 or polyacrylamide at 0.4 Mg ha−1) with or without the OS (1%)) on the short-term changes were evaluated based on a 30-day incubation experiment with respect to several variables (e.g., CO2 release, NH4+ and NO3 concentrations, aggregate-size classes, and enzyme activities in an agricultural Luvisol). The BC and BP with the addition of OS increased the portion of microaggregates (<0.25 mm) relative to the control soil without any additions, while PAM alone increased the portion of large macroaggregates (1–2 mm). Concentrations of NO3 also increased in soils treated with OS, OS + BC, and OS + BP as result of the increased chitinase and leucine aminopeptidase activities. The BC and BP when treated with the additional OS had significant short-term impacts on N mineralization without affecting C mineralization in soil. Consequently, the combination of BC or BP with OS was seen to accelerate N turnover without affecting C turnover (and related C losses) from soil. As such, the addition of these additives contributed considerably to the improvement of soil fertility and C sequestration.



中文翻译:

土壤骨料大小类别中的碳和氮矿化作用和酶活性:生物炭,牡蛎壳和聚合物的影响

生物炭(BC)和聚合物是提高土壤质量和长期可持续性的高性价比添加剂。建议在BC或聚合物处理过的土壤中额外使用牡蛎壳(OS)粉末作为营养源,以增强聚集作用并增加酶活性。所述的土壤处理(即,BC(5镁公顷效果-1)和聚合物(生物聚合物在0.4镁公顷-1的聚丙烯酰胺在0.4镁公顷或-1)具有或不具有OS(1%))的短期基于30天培养实验相对于几个变量(变动进行评价例如,CO 2的释放,NH 4 +和NO 3 -农业Luvisol中的浓度,骨料大小分类和酶活性)。相对于不添加任何添加剂的对照土壤,添加OS的BC和BP增加了微骨料的比例(<0.25 mm),而单独使用PAM则增加了大型大骨料的比例(1-2 mm)。NO浓度3 -由于几丁质酶和亮氨酸氨基肽酶活性的增加,在用OS,OS + BC和OS + BP处理过的土壤中也有增加。当使用额外的OS处理时,BC和BP对N矿化具有显着的短期影响,而不会影响土壤中的C矿化。因此,将BC或BP与OS结合使用可加速氮素的转化,而不会影响土壤中的C转化率(及相关的C损失)。这样,这些添加剂的添加极大地改善了土壤肥力和固碳。

更新日期:2018-01-12
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