Vitamin D has a role in both insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity, and thus could be important in the pathogenesis of diabetes. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of yogurt fortified with vitamin D and oral vitamin D supplement on glycemic and anthropometric indices in pre-diabetic individuals. This study was conducted on 90 subjects with pre-diabetes in three groups: those given fortified yogurt with vitamin D, those given plain yogurt and those given oral vitamin D supplements. The study variables were evaluated at the beginning and end of the intervention period. Results from the participants’ oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) decreased significantly in only the fortified-yogurt group. The mean fasting serum insulin and the insulin-resistance index (HOMA-IR) in the fortified-yogurt (p < .01) and oral-supplement (p < .03, p < .04) groups decreased significantly. Waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and percentage of body fat (PBF) decreased significantly in the fortified-yogurt (p < .02, p < .006) and oral-supplement (p = .015, p < .001) groups. These findings show that yogurt fortified with vitamin D improves glycemic and anthropometric indices in pre-diabetic individuals.

维生素D在胰岛素分泌和胰岛素敏感性中都有作用，因此在糖尿病的发病机制中可能很重要。这项研究的目的是比较强化维生素D和口服维生素D补充的酸奶对糖尿病前个体血糖和人体测量指标的影响。这项研究针对90位患有糖尿病的受试者进行了三组研究：给予维生素D强化酸奶的人，普通酸奶和口服维生素D补充剂的人。在干预期开始和结束时评估研究变量。参与者的口服葡萄糖耐量测试（OGTT）的结果仅在强化酸奶组中显着下降。强化酸奶（p <.01）和口服补充剂（p <。03，p <.04）组显着下降。强化酸奶（p <.02，p <.006）和口服补充剂（p = .015，p <.001）的腰臀比（WHR）和体脂百分比（PBF）显着降低组。这些发现表明，维生素D强化的酸奶可以改善糖尿病前期个体的血糖和人体测量指标。