Despite the success of antiretroviral therapy (ART), there is currently no HIV cure and treatment is life long. HIV persists during ART due to long-lived and proliferating latently infected CD4+ T cells. One strategy to eliminate latency is to activate virus production using latency reversing agents (LRAs) with the goal of triggering cell death through virus-induced cytolysis or immune-mediated clearance. However, multiple studies have demonstrated that activation of viral transcription alone is insufficient to induce cell death and some LRAs may counteract cell death by promoting cell survival. Here, we review new approaches to induce death of latently infected cells through apoptosis and inhibition of pathways critical for cell survival, which are often hijacked by HIV proteins. Given advances in the commercial development of compounds that induce apoptosis in cancer chemotherapy, these agents could move rapidly into clinical trials, either alone or in combination with LRAs, to eliminate latent HIV infection.

尽管抗逆转录病毒疗法（ART）取得了成功，但目前尚无HIV治愈方法，而且治疗是终身的。由于长期感染和潜伏感染的CD4 + T细胞，HIV在ART期间持续存在。消除潜伏期的一种策略是使用潜伏期逆转剂（LRA）激活病毒产生，目的是通过病毒诱导的细胞溶解或免疫介导的清除来触发细胞死亡。但是，多项研究表明，仅病毒转录的激活不足以诱导细胞死亡，某些LRA可能通过促进细胞存活来抵消细胞死亡。在这里，我们回顾了通过凋亡和抑制细胞存活至关重要的途径来诱导潜伏感染细胞死亡的新方法，这些途径通常被HIV蛋白质劫持。