Abstract The present study investigated sonochemical synthesis of Zr-ferrite nanoparticles under different operating parameters. In order to explore the sintering effect on ferrite phase formation, the synthesized ferrite particles were also calcined in the range of 200–900 °C. The obtained nanoparticles were characterized using XRD, FESEM, TEM, EDX, DRS, and VSM. The results revealed that the formation of ferrite phase needs external calcinations and in-situ microcalcination induced by transient cavitation is not sufficient for formation of spinel ferrite phases. The DRS results showed that it has a high capability of visible light absorption due to low band-gap energy in the range of 1.85 eV–1.93 eV. The change in band-gap energy is attributed to the crystalline size of the particle and the change of nature of the ferrite from amorphous to crystalline structure. While analysis of magnetic properties revealed that coercivity is dependent on calcination temperature and the solution pH. The highest coercivity and magnetic saturation were determined as 725 Oe and 0.750 emu/g; respectively. At higher pH, ferromagnetic behaviour with decreasing order in both magnetic saturation (Ms) and magnetic remanence (Mr) has been observed. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on magnetic properties of Zr-ferrite.

中文翻译：

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声化学合成的 Zr-铁氧体纳米粒子的结构、磁性和光学特性

摘要 本研究调查了不同操作参数下Zr-铁氧体纳米颗粒的声化学合成。为了探索烧结对铁素体相形成的影响，合成的铁素体颗粒也在 200-900 °C 的范围内煅烧。使用 XRD、FESEM、TEM、EDX、DRS 和 VSM 对获得的纳米粒子进行表征。结果表明，铁素体相的形成需要外部煅烧，瞬态空化引起的原位微煅烧不足以形成尖晶石铁素体相。DRS结果表明，由于1.85 eV-1.93 eV范围内的低带隙能量，它具有很高的可见光吸收能力。带隙能量的变化归因于颗粒的晶体尺寸和铁氧体的性质从非晶结构转变为晶体结构。而磁性分析表明矫顽力取决于煅烧温度和溶液pH值。最高矫顽力和磁饱和度为725 Oe和0.750 emu/g；分别。在较高的 pH 值下，已经观察到在磁饱和 (Ms) 和剩磁 (Mr) 中具有递减顺序的铁磁行为。据我们所知，这是关于 Zr-铁氧体磁性的第一份报告。分别。在较高的 pH 值下，已经观察到在磁饱和 (Ms) 和剩磁 (Mr) 中具有递减顺序的铁磁行为。据我们所知，这是关于 Zr-铁氧体磁性的第一份报告。分别。在较高的 pH 值下，已经观察到在磁饱和 (Ms) 和剩磁 (Mr) 中具有递减顺序的铁磁行为。据我们所知，这是关于 Zr-铁氧体磁性的第一份报告。