An alcohol based nickel oxide nanoparticle dispersion was prepared and used to deposit hole conductor medium for a polymeric substance free perovskite solar cell in mesoscopic n-i-p configuration. In contrast to conventional p-i-n configuration or inverted type perovskite solar cells, nickel oxide layer was spin coated directly on perovskite layer and the perovskite layer was sandwiched between two metal oxides, TiO₂ and NiO, resulting in n-i-p configuration. High surface area nickel oxide nanoparticles were synthesized by precipitation and successfully dispersed in isopropanol with the aid of ball milling, which was confirmed to breakdown the aggregates and stabilize the dispersion without the assistance of a stabilizing agent. This strategy leads to deposition of nickel oxide nanoparticles on perovskite layer without damaging the underneath perovskite layer and inhibiting the charge transfer between individual nanoparticles, confirmed by scanning electron microscopy, photoluminescence quenching and J-V measurements. Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy analysis showed excellent matching of the band alignment of nickel oxide layers with that of perovskite. An efficiency of 10.89% was achieved after optimizing the nickel oxide layer thickness and comparing with a hole conductor free device using J-V measurements and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy revealed that nickel oxide layer possesses excellent electron blocking ability and reduces the recombination rate, which also in turn stabilizes the power output and hysteresis of the cells. This strategy is believed to be applicable for other metal oxides employed in charge selective layers of perovskite and organic solar cells.

制备了基于醇的氧化镍纳米颗粒分散体，并将其用于沉积介孔压区构造中的不含聚合物质的钙钛矿太阳能电池的空穴导体介质。与常规的针状配置或倒置型钙钛矿太阳能电池相反，将氧化镍层直接旋涂在钙钛矿层上，并将钙钛矿层夹在两种金属氧化物TiO _2之间和NiO，导致压区配置。通过沉淀合成高表面积的氧化镍纳米粒子，并借助球磨将其成功分散在异丙醇中，这被证实可在不使用稳定剂的情况下分解聚集体并稳定分散体。通过扫描电子显微镜，光致发光猝灭和JV测量证实，该策略导致在钙钛矿层上沉积氧化镍纳米粒子，而不会损坏钙钛矿层下方并抑制单个纳米粒子之间的电荷转移。紫外光电子能谱分析表明，氧化镍层与钙钛矿的能带排列极好匹配。效率为10。优化氧化镍层的厚度，并与采用无损检测和电化学阻抗谱的无孔导体器件进行比较后，可达到89％的结果表明，氧化镍层具有出色的电子阻挡能力并降低了复合率，这反过来又稳定了功率输出和细胞的磁滞。认为该策略适用于钙钛矿和有机太阳能电池的电荷选择层中使用的其他金属氧化物。