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Antagonism toward the intestinal microbiota and its effect onVibrio choleraevirulence
Science ( IF 44.7 ) Pub Date : 2018-01-11 , DOI: 10.1126/science.aap8775
Wenjing Zhao , Florence Caro , William Robins , John J. Mekalanos

Cholera pathogen zaps competition Many bacterial pathogens inject their hosts with virulence effectors delivered by specialist secretion machines. Vibrio cholerae has a type VI secretion system (T6SS) that can be loaded with protein toxins that target eukaryote host cells or kill competing bacteria. Zhao et al. discovered that mutant V. cholerae lacking a T6SS could not compete against Escherichia coli strains in the mouse gut. In contrast, intact V. cholerae readily gained a foothold in the gut of young mice, pumping up inflammatory immune responses and prompting more violent symptoms. Science, this issue p. 210 Cholera bacteria must compete with normal gut microbes to become established and need to provoke diarrhea to ensure transmission. The bacterial type VI secretion system (T6SS) is a nanomachine that delivers toxic effector proteins into target cells, killing them. In mice, we found that the Vibrio cholerae T6SS attacks members of the host commensal microbiota in vivo, facilitating the pathogen’s colonization of the gut. This microbial antagonistic interaction drives measurable changes in the pathogenicity of V. cholerae through enhanced intestinal colonization, expression of bacterial virulence genes, and activation of host innate immune genes. Because ablation of mouse commensals by this enteric pathogen correlated with more severe diarrheal symptoms, we conclude that antagonism toward the gut microbiota could improve the fitness of V. cholerae as a pathogen by elevating its transmission to new susceptible hosts.

中文翻译:

对肠道菌群的拮抗作用及其对霍乱弧菌毒力的影响

霍乱病原体 zaps 竞争 许多细菌病原体向它们的宿主注射由专业分泌机器提供的毒力效应物。霍乱弧菌具有 VI 型分泌系统 (T6SS),可以装载靶向真核宿主细胞或杀死竞争细菌的蛋白质毒素。赵等人。发现缺乏 T6SS 的突变霍乱弧菌无法与小鼠肠道中的大肠杆菌菌株竞争。相比之下,完整的霍乱弧菌很容易在年轻小鼠的肠道中站稳脚跟,激发炎症免疫反应并引发更剧烈的症状。科学,这个问题 p。210 霍乱细菌必须与正常肠道微生物竞争才能形成,并需要引起腹泻以确保传播。VI 型细菌分泌系统 (T6SS) 是一种纳米机器,可将有毒效应蛋白输送到靶细胞中,杀死它们。在小鼠中,我们发现霍乱弧菌 T6SS 攻击体内宿主共生微生物群的成员,促进病原体在肠道中的定植。这种微生物拮抗相互作用通过增强肠道定植、细菌毒力基因的表达和宿主先天免疫基因的激活,推动霍乱弧菌的致病性发生可测量的变化。由于这种肠道病原体对小鼠共生体的消融与更严重的腹泻症状相关,因此我们得出结论,对肠道微生物群的拮抗作用可以通过增加霍乱弧菌向新的易感宿主的传播来提高其作为病原体的适应性。我们发现霍乱弧菌 T6SS 攻击体内宿主共生微生物群的成员,促进病原体在肠道中的定植。这种微生物拮抗相互作用通过增强肠道定植、细菌毒力基因的表达和宿主先天免疫基因的激活,推动霍乱弧菌致病性发生可测量的变化。由于这种肠道病原体对小鼠共生体的消融与更严重的腹泻症状相关,因此我们得出结论,对肠道微生物群的拮抗作用可以通过增加霍乱弧菌向新的易感宿主的传播来提高其作为病原体的适应性。我们发现霍乱弧菌 T6SS 攻击体内宿主共生微生物群的成员,促进病原体在肠道中的定植。这种微生物拮抗相互作用通过增强肠道定植、细菌毒力基因的表达和宿主先天免疫基因的激活,推动霍乱弧菌致病性发生可测量的变化。由于这种肠道病原体对小鼠共生体的消融与更严重的腹泻症状相关,因此我们得出结论,对肠道微生物群的拮抗作用可以通过增加霍乱弧菌向新的易感宿主的传播来提高其作为病原体的适应性。这种微生物拮抗相互作用通过增强肠道定植、细菌毒力基因的表达和宿主先天免疫基因的激活,推动霍乱弧菌的致病性发生可测量的变化。由于这种肠道病原体对小鼠共生体的消融与更严重的腹泻症状相关,因此我们得出结论,对肠道微生物群的拮抗作用可以通过增加霍乱弧菌向新的易感宿主的传播来提高其作为病原体的适应性。这种微生物拮抗相互作用通过增强肠道定植、细菌毒力基因的表达和宿主先天免疫基因的激活,推动霍乱弧菌致病性发生可测量的变化。由于这种肠道病原体对小鼠共生体的消融与更严重的腹泻症状相关,因此我们得出结论,对肠道微生物群的拮抗作用可以通过增加霍乱弧菌向新的易感宿主的传播来提高其作为病原体的适应性。
更新日期:2018-01-11
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