当前位置: X-MOL 学术Glob. Planet. Change › 论文详情
Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)
Drought vulnerability assessment of maize in Sub-Saharan Africa: Insights from physical and social perspectives
Global and Planetary Change ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2018-03-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2018.01.011
Bahareh Kamali , Karim C. Abbaspour , Bernhard Wehrli , Hong Yang

Abstract Drought as a slow-onset phenomenon inflicts important losses to agriculture where the degree of vulnerability depends not only on physical variables such as precipitation and temperature, but also on societal preparedness. While the scopes of physical and social vulnerability are very different in nature, studies distinguishing these two aspects have been lacking. In this study we address the physical and social aspects of drought vulnerability of maize (CDVIphy and CDVIsoc) in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). To quantify vulnerability, we applied a probabilistic framework combining a Drought Exposure Index (DEI) with a physical or social Crop Failure Index, CFIphy or CFIsoc, respectively. DEI was derived from the exceedance probability of precipitation. Maize yields, simulated using the Environmental Policy Integrated Climate (EPIC) model, were used to build CFIphy, whereas the residual of simulated and FAO recorded yields were used to construct CFIsoc. The results showed that southern and partially central Africa are more vulnerable to physical drought as compared to other regions. Central and western Africa, however, are socially highly vulnerable. Comparison of CDVIphy and CDVIsoc revealed that societal factors cause more vulnerability than physical variables in almost all SSA countries except Nigeria and South Africa. We conclude that quantification of both drought vulnerabilities help a better characterization of droughts and identify regions where more investments in drought preparedness are required.

中文翻译:

撒哈拉以南非洲玉米的干旱脆弱性评估:从自然和社会角度的见解

摘要 干旱作为一种缓慢发生的现象给农业造成了重大损失,其脆弱程度不仅取决于降水和温度等物理变量,还取决于社会准备情况。虽然身体和社会脆弱性的范围在性质上有很大不同,但缺乏区分这两个方面的研究。在这项研究中,我们解决了撒哈拉以南非洲 (SSA) 玉米(CDVIphy 和 CDVIsoc)干旱脆弱性的物理和社会方面。为了量化脆弱性,我们应用了一个概率框架,将干旱暴露指数 (DEI) 与物理或社会作物歉收指数、CFIphy 或 CFIsoc 分别相结合。DEI 来自降水的超标概率。使用环境政策综合气候 (EPIC) 模型模拟的玉米产量,用于构建 CFIphy,而模拟和粮农组织记录的产量的残差用于构建 CFIsoc。结果表明,与其他地区相比,非洲南部和部分中部非洲更容易受到自然干旱的影响。然而,中非和西非在社会上非常脆弱。CDVIphy 和 CDVIsoc 的比较表明,在除尼日利亚和南非之外的几乎所有 SSA 国家中,社会因素比物理变量造成更多的脆弱性。我们得出的结论是,对干旱脆弱性的量化有助于更好地表征干旱,并确定需要在干旱准备方面进行更多投资的地区。结果表明,与其他地区相比,非洲南部和部分中部非洲更容易受到自然干旱的影响。然而,中非和西非在社会上非常脆弱。CDVIphy 和 CDVIsoc 的比较表明,在除尼日利亚和南非之外的几乎所有 SSA 国家中,社会因素比物理变量造成更多的脆弱性。我们得出的结论是,对干旱脆弱性的量化有助于更好地表征干旱,并确定需要在干旱准备方面进行更多投资的地区。结果表明,与其他地区相比,非洲南部和部分中部非洲更容易受到自然干旱的影响。然而,中非和西非在社会上非常脆弱。CDVIphy 和 CDVIsoc 的比较表明,在除尼日利亚和南非之外的几乎所有 SSA 国家中,社会因素比物理变量造成更多的脆弱性。我们得出的结论是,对干旱脆弱性的量化有助于更好地表征干旱,并确定需要在干旱准备方面进行更多投资的地区。CDVIphy 和 CDVIsoc 的比较表明,在除尼日利亚和南非之外的几乎所有 SSA 国家中,社会因素比物理变量造成更多的脆弱性。我们得出的结论是,对干旱脆弱性的量化有助于更好地表征干旱,并确定需要在干旱准备方面进行更多投资的地区。CDVIphy 和 CDVIsoc 的比较表明,在除尼日利亚和南非之外的几乎所有 SSA 国家中,社会因素比物理变量造成更多的脆弱性。我们得出的结论是,对干旱脆弱性的量化有助于更好地表征干旱,并确定需要在干旱准备方面进行更多投资的地区。
更新日期:2018-03-01
down
wechat
bug