The need for improved abatement of agricultural diffuse water pollution represents cause for concern throughout the world. A critical aspect in the design of on-farm intervention programmes concerns the potential technical cost-effectiveness of packages of control measures. The European Union (EU) Water Framework Directive (WFD) calls for Programmes of Measures (PoMs) to protect freshwater environments and these comprise ‘basic’ (mandatory) and ‘supplementary’ (incentivised) options. Recent work has used measure review, elicitation of stakeholder attitudes and a process-based modelling framework to identify a new alternative set of ‘basic’ agricultural sector control measures for nutrient and sediment abatement across England. Following an initial scientific review of 708 measures, 90 were identified for further consideration at an industry workshop and 63 had industry support. Optimisation modelling was undertaken to identify a shortlist of measures using the Demonstration Test Catchments as sentinel agricultural landscapes. Optimisation selected 12 measures relevant to livestock or arable systems. Model simulations of 95% implementation of these 12 candidate ‘basic’ measures, in addition to business-as-usual, suggested reductions in the national agricultural nitrate load of 2.5%, whilst corresponding reductions in phosphorus and sediment were 11.9% and 5.6%, respectively. The total cost of applying the candidate ‘basic’ measures across the whole of England was estimated to be £450 million per annum, which is equivalent to £52 per hectare of agricultural land. This work contributed to a public consultation in 2016.

改善农业弥漫性水污染的减少的需求引起了全世界的关注。农场干预计划设计中的一个关键方面涉及一揽子控制措施的潜在技术成本效益。欧盟（EU）水框架指令（WFD）呼吁采取措施计划（PoM）保护淡水环境，其中包括“基本”（强制性）和“补充”（强制性）方案。最近的工作使用了措施审查，利益相关者态度的启发以及基于过程的建模框架，以识别一套新的替代性的“基本”农业部门控制措施，用于英格兰范围内的营养和泥沙消减。在初步对708项措施进行科学审查后，确定了90个在行业研讨会上进一步审议，还有63个获得了行业支持。进行了优化建模，以使用示范测试流域作为前哨农业景观来确定措施的候选清单。优化选择了与牲畜或耕作系统有关的12种措施。对这12个候选“基本”措施实施95％的模型模拟，除照常使用外，还建议将全国农业硝酸盐负荷降低2.5％，而磷和沉积物的相应减少分别为11.9％和5.6％，分别。在整个英格兰范围内采用候选“基本”措施的总成本估计为每年4.5亿英镑，相当于每公顷农业用地52英镑。这项工作为2016年的公众咨询做出了贡献。