Because of their unique ordered structures, block copolymers (BCPs) are known to form a broad range of morphologies (e.g., cylinders, vesicles, spheres, and lamellae). These types of assemblies can be utilized for various potential and practical applications in numerous fields including nanotechnology. This review addresses classification of different BCPs based on polymeric moieties and arrangement of polymer chains present in their structure. Physicochemical characteristics of BCP micelles in aqueous media are also discussed along with the beneficial features of BCP self assembly in the generation of nanostructures. Potential applications of BCP-drug conjugates have also been described with numerous case studies. In addition, successful implementation of BCP self-assembly in modern age research of nanoporous ultrafiltration membrane, nanolithography, functionalized nanomaterial preparation has been overviewed with mechanistic details. Finally, we offer a brief perspective on the future opportunities of BCPs in diverse research fields.

由于其独特的有序结构，已知嵌段共聚物（BCP）可以形成多种形态（例如圆柱体，囊泡，球体和薄片）。这些类型的组件可用于包括纳米技术在内的许多领域中的各种潜在和实际应用。这篇综述针对基于聚合物部分和结构中存在的聚合物链排列的不同BCP进行分类。还讨论了BCP胶束在水性介质中的理化特性，以及BCP自组装在纳米结构生成中的有益特征。BCP-药物偶联物的潜在应用也已通过大量案例研究进行了描述。此外，在现代纳米多孔超滤膜研究中成功实施了BCP自组装，纳米光刻，功能化的纳米材料的制备已概述了机械细节。最后，我们简要介绍了BCP在各个研究领域中的未来机会。