Abstract We have reported on the potential use of membrane distillation (MD) to remove emerging pollutants from wastewater as an alternative to other biological and chemical treatments. For every successful application of MD, the fouling and scaling associated with membrane wetting must be reduced to minimize the deterioration in performance. Here, we have hypothesized that the effectiveness of the antibiotic removal from wastewater can be significantly influenced by the interfacial interaction between the antibiotics and the membrane surface. To verify this, we investigated the applicability of the direct contact MD (DCMD) to treat the antibiotics, including positively-charged tobramycin (TOB), negatively-charged cefotaxime (CTX), and neutral ciprofloxacin (CFX). DCMD tests were performed with negatively-charged commercial polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes, with the observance of a significant decline in flux and wetting issues during the MD treatment of TOB. The PVDF membrane exhibited a stable flux (CTX: 19.76 LMH and CFX: 19.81 LMH), with almost 100% rejection of the CTX and CFX due to electrostatic repulsion. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) further elucidates the in-situ fouling development for TOB, CTX and CFX.

中文翻译：

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带负电荷的 PVDF 膜在膜蒸馏去除废水中抗生素的污染行为

摘要 我们已经报道了膜蒸馏 (MD) 从废水中去除新出现的污染物作为其他生物和化学处理的替代方案的潜在用途。对于 MD 的每一次成功应用，必须减少与膜润湿相关的污垢和结垢，以最大限度地减少性能下降。在这里，我们假设从废水中去除抗生素的有效性会受到抗生素与膜表面之间的界面相互作用的显着影响。为了验证这一点，我们研究了直接接触 MD (DCMD) 治疗抗生素的适用性，包括带正电荷的妥布霉素 (TOB)、带负电荷的头孢噻肟 (CTX) 和中性环丙沙星 (CFX)。DCMD 测试是用带负电荷的商用聚偏二氟乙烯 (PVDF) 膜进行的，观察到在 TOB 的 MD 处理过程中通量和润湿问题显着下降。PVDF 膜表现出稳定的通量（CTX：19.76 LMH 和 CFX：19.81 LMH），由于静电排斥几乎 100% 排斥 CTX 和 CFX。光学相干断层扫描 (OCT) 进一步阐明了 TOB、CTX 和 CFX 的原位污染发展。