Cellular metals with the large surface/volume ratios and excellent electrical conductivity are widely applicable and have thus been studied extensively. It is highly desirable to develop a facile and cost‐effective process for fabrication of porous metallic structures, and yet more so for micro/nanoporous structures. A direct‐flame strategy is developed for in situ fabrication of micron‐scale cellular architecture on a Ni metal precursor. The flame provides the required heat and also serves as a fuel reformer, which provides a gas mixture of H₂, CO, and O₂ for redox treatment of metallic Ni. The redox processes at elevated temperatures allow fast reconstruction of the metal, leading to a cellular structure on Ni wire. This process is simple and clean and avoids the use of sacrificial materials or templates. Furthermore, nanocrystalline MnO₂ is coated on the microporous Ni wire (MPNW) to form a supercapacitor electrode. The MnO₂/MPNW electrode and the corresponding fiber‐shaped supercapacitor exhibit high specific capacitance and excellent cycling stability. Moreover, this work provides a novel strategy for the fabrication of cellular metals and alloys for a variety of applications, including catalysis, energy storage and conversion, and chemical sensing.

中文翻译：

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一种简单且具有成本效益的直接火焰法在镍丝上制造的蜂窝结构及其在纤维状超级电容器中的应用

具有大的表面/体积比和优异的导电性的蜂窝金属被广泛地应用，因此已经被广泛研究。迫切需要开发一种易于制造且具有成本效益的方法来制造多孔金属结构，对于微/纳米孔结构则更是如此。开发了一种直接火焰策略，用于在镍金属前体上原位制造微米级细胞结构。火焰提供了所需的热量，并且还用作燃料重整器，提供了H ₂，CO和O ₂的气体混合物用于金属镍的氧化还原处理。高温下的氧化还原过程可快速重建金属，从而在镍丝上形成蜂窝状结构。此过程简单而干净，并且避免使用牺牲性材料或模板。此外，将纳米晶MnO ₂涂覆在微孔镍丝（MPNW）上以形成超级电容器电极。MnO ₂ / MPNW电极和相应的纤维状超级电容器表现出高的比电容和出色的循环稳定性。此外，这项工作为蜂窝金属和合金的制造提供了一种新颖的策略，可用于多种应用，包括催化，能量存储和转化以及化学传感。